This bibliography will be continuously added to and is to provide free resources available on the internet. It consists of Bible Dictionaries, Commentaries, Lexicons, Ancient authors and a particular emphasis on Jewish sources, that otherwise may be difficult to find that will help in studying Biblical topics. I have personally spent years searching the web for such resources and am providing these to whoever pursues such research (particularly Bible college students). I plan to make this competitive with the top bible software that cost thousands of dollars, though i cannot offer new books due to copyright laws. If anyone is familiar with a website that is not included on this bibliography and thinks it may be profitable to add, please contact me and I will view the site for consideration.
The content of this page is divided by the following topics: 1) Biblical Texts, 2) Ancient Authors, 3) Bible Commentaries, 4) Bible Maps, 5) Lexicons, 6) Defense of Receive Texts/King James Version, 7) Theology, 8) Bible Dictionaries, 9) Church History, 10) Apologetic, 11) Ancient Jewish Sources, 12) Heretical Sources, and 13) Miscellaneous.
Biblical Text
- Hebrew Scripture: http://haktuvim.co.il/en/study/Gen.1.1 It is difficult to find sites that include accent marks or the Hebrew vowel points. This is a very useful site but I do not recommend the New Testament on this site as it is based on the critical text.
- qbible.com has a useful and easy to use interlinear with quick lexical look up of words: http://www.qbible.com/
- Another Hebrew Interlinear https://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/Hebrew_Index.htm
- Greek New Testament: https://www.bible.com/bible/183/MAT.1.tr1894 This is Scrivener’s Greek New Testament text including the accent marks
- Greek New Testament interlinear https://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/Greek_Index.htm
- Free downloadable Bible software at http://onlinebible.us/
- Septuagint.org has both the LXX with the words defined and parsed by hoovering your cursor over any word: http://www.septuagint.org/LXX/Genesis/1 The New Testament is also available with the parsing abilities but I do not recommend it from this site as it is the Critical Text. Another site for the Greek Septuagint without the parsing capability is at https://www.septuagint.bible/home
- Charles Brenton’s English Translation of the Septuagint (1851): https://ebible.org/eng-Brenton/index.htm also at http://ecmarsh.com/lxx/index.htm
- J. P. Green’s literal translation is useful and he works with the accurate manuscripts (though the KJV is a more accurate translation): http://thewordnotes.com/litv/LITV%20Bible.pdf
- Blue Letter Bible, this is one of the free resources that provide the Hebrew Old Testament with parsing (also available as a apt for your smartphone: https://www.blueletterbible.org/
- Study Light: https://www.studylight.org/
- Inter-textual Bible: https://intertextual.bible/about This website explores inter-textual parallels and relationships with the Biblical texts and other ancient literature.
Ancient Authors
- Rabbinic Literature: https://www.rabbinictraditions.com/ This is the best source for Rabbinic texts, including the Mishna, Tosephta, Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmud; with a useful word search capability. Note there is a large section of ancient Jewish sources further below on this page.
- Early Church Fathers: http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/ This website offers patristic sources ranging from the Anti-Nicene, Nicene and Post-Nicene fathers. A total of 38 volumes arranged alphabetically by authors.
- Early Church Fathers: http://www.ccel.org/fathers.html This site has the same sources as above but sorts them by the volumes instead of authors. This is much more useful in citing sources as it would give page numbers and all. The big problem is that it is cited as being edited by Philip Schaff which is wrong! The accurate editors are Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson. Whenever I see scholars reference Philip Schaff as the editor of the Anti-Nicene Fathers I know that they have not actually read the work but only went quote mining from this website after reading the quote somewhere else. Another site dividing by the Volumes is http://ecmarsh.com/fathers/index.html
- The Perseus Digital Library: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/collection?collection=Perseus:collection:Greco-Roman The Perseus Digital Library is one of the greatest resources on the internet. It has all the ancient classic Greek authors such as Herodotus, Homer, Josephus, Julius Caesar, Plato, Pliny the Elder, Strabo and many more. The cite also has a useful search engine, English as well as the Greek and Latin texts and much more.
- Loeb Classics Library: http://www.edonnelly.com/loebs.html this link has all the Roman/Greek classic authors as published by the Loeb Classic Library linking to other site that have available these texts online. Someone spent a lt of time compiling this list, the only downfall is that it is listed by Loeb numbering instead of alphabetical order.
- The Internet Classic Archives: http://classics.mit.edu/Browse/index.html has 441 ancient Greco-Roman title available
- Classic Texts includes church fathers, gnostics, Greek and Latin classic texts, etc.: http://torreys.org/bible/resource_page_1-2/
- Latin Literature: http://forumromanum.org/literature/authors_a.html Here is a collection of Latin literature that has a list of 820 names. Not all of them are available for reading but most are, and this site has some authors I have not been able to find anywhere else.
- Ancient Greek and Latin Text: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/home.html
- Orbis Latinus Online: http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html
- Roman Site: http://vlib.iue.it/history/europe/ancient_rome/index.html
- The Letter of Aristeas (Greek and English): http://www.voskrese.info/spl/miller-arist.pdf
- Philo of Alexandria: http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/philo.html Philo was a Hellenistic Jew contemporary with the apostle Paul. He has great insights to the culture of the first century. His Greek text and many article on him can be found at http://torreys.org/bible/resource_page_3-1/
- Josephus: http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/josephus.html First century Jewish historian most famous for Antiquity of the Jews. Another site with word searchable abilities at http://ecmarsh.com/crl/Josephus/index.htm The Greek text with English translation is available at: http://www.biblical.ie/page.php?fl=josephus/Greek%20Texts
- Homer: http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/greek/homer/index.html
- Plato: http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/greek/plato/index.html
- Duke Papyrus Archive: https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/scriptorium/papyrus/
- TLG (Thesaurus Linguae Graecae) a Digital Library of Greek Literature: http://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu/
- A. Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C. (1923): https://archive.org/details/aramaicpapyrioff00ahikuoft
- Enuma Elish (Mesopotamian/Babylonian Creation Myth): http://www.crivoice.org/enumaelish.html
- Decent of Ishtar into the Lower World (trans. M. Jastrow, 1915): http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/mesopotamian/ishtar.html
- The Seven Evils (trans. R. C. Thompson, 1903): http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/mesopotamian/seven.html
- The Epic of Gilgamesh: http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/mesopotamian/gilgamesh/
- The Baal Myth of Ugarit. Retold by Paul Brassey. Originally translated by Johannes C. De Moor, An Anthology of Religious Texts From Ugarit. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1987: http://wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/ilrn_legacy/wawc1c01c/content/wciv1/readings/ugarit.html
- Akkadian Cuneiform Text: http://www.omniglot.com/writing/akkadian.htm
- Ancient Near Eastern Cuneiform Studies: http://huc.edu/research/libraries/guides/ancientne
- Ancient Near East Literature: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/
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The Code of Hammurabi (Trans. L. W. King): http://avalon.law.yale.edu/ancient/hamframe.asp
- Egyptian Papyrus: http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/scriptorium/papyrus/
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Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Documents: http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/medmenu.asp
- Annals of the Kings of Assyria (1902): http://www3.lib.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/eos/eos_title.pl?callnum=PJ3835.B85_cop2
- Ancient Near Eastern Myths and Stories: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneMyths.html
- Ancient Near East Legal Codes: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneLaws.html
- Ancient Near East Treatise: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneTreatises.html
- Ancient Near East Historical text: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneHist.html
- Ancient Near East Prayer, Hymns, and Psalms: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneHymns.html
- Ancient Near Eastern Love Poems and Marriage Contracts: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneMrg.html
- Ancient Near Eastern Prophetic Texts: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneProph.html
- Egyptian Book of the Dead: http://www.bardo.org/ani/
- Ancient Egyptian Texts: http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/egyptian/
- The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus (1930): https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/oip/edwin-smith-surgical-papyrus-volume-1-hieroglyphic-transliteration This is the translation of an Egyptian medical papyrus with commentary from the translator.
- Ancient Persian Texts: http://www.ancienttexts.org/library/persian/
- The History of the Ancient Near East Electronic Compendium: http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/index.html
- ETANA open access to Ancient Near East and the Mediterranean world: http://www.etana.org/abzubib
- Survey of Gladiatorial Games: http://www.theaterseatstore.com/roman-gladiatorial-games
- World Wide Web Sites Relating to the Ancient Mediterranean Compiled by Dr. K. C. Hanson: http://www.kchanson.com/LINKS/ancweb.html
- William Stearns Davis, Readings from Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, Volume 1, Greece and the East (1912): https://archive.org/details/readingsinancie01davigoog
- William Stearns Davis, Readings from Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, Volume 2, Rome and the West (1913): https://archive.org/details/readingsinancien011109mbp
- Ancient Jewish Accounts of Jesus: http://jewishchristianlit.com//Topics/JewishJesus/
- Marriage Contract Papyri from Greek, Roman and Jewish culture 500 B.C.-A.D. 500 : http://www.tyndalearchive.com/Brewer/MarriagePapyri/Index.html
- Searchable Greek Inscriptions: http://epigraphy.packhum.org/
- University of Oxford Text Archives: http://ota.ox.ac.uk/ This archive is mainly classic English but it also contains ancient Greek authors.
- Vatican Library is currently digitizing their collection of manuscripts and making them available at https://digi.vatlib.it/
Bible Commentaries
- http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/ This site has over 100 commentaries available. Everybody’s favorites, such as Charles Spurgeon, John Owen, Charles Hodge, H.A. Ironside, Matthew Henry; as well as authors less known but necessary to become acquainted with like John Gill, John Lightfoot, Keil & Delitzsch and so many more.
- http://www.tsk-online.com/ Treasury of Scripture Knowledge by R. A. Torrey, very easy to use on this site
- http://www.biblestudytools.com/commentaries/ A few unique commentaries are on this cite.
- B. H. Carroll, An Interpretation of the English Bible, 17 Volumes: http://sglblibrary.homestead.com/files/BHCarroll/BHCarrollContents.htm
- Dr. Henry Morris III http://teachallthings.org/ Dr. Morris is the son of Dr. Henry Morris who is known as the father of the modern creationist movement and the founder of Institute of Creation research. Dr. Morris III has complied valuable outlines that go verse-by-verse
- John Walvoord Commentaries: http://walvoord.com/viewseries
- From the Talmud and Hebraica, John Lightfoot http://www.ccel.org/ccel/lightfoot/talmud Lightfoot purpose is to introduce the New Testament reader to the worldview of the first century Jew by expounding the Gospels through the perspective of rabbinical teachings on the Bible and Jewish law, philosophy, history, ethics, customs, and tradition so the reader can better understand the historical and cultural context.
- New Testament Gateway has a large amount of sources: http://www.ntgateway.com/
- Old Testament Gateway has a large amount of sources: http://otgateway.com/commentaries/
- H. C. Leupold, Exposition of Genesis: Vol 1 and 2 (1942): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/leupold/genesis
- J. J. Stewart Perowne, The Book of Psalms: a new translation with introduction and notes, explanatory and critical, Vol. 1, (1870): https://archive.org/details/bookofpsalmsnewt00perouoft/page/n7
- J. J. Stewart Perowne, The Book of Psalms: a new translation with introduction and notes, explanatory and critical, Vol. 2, (1871): https://archive.org/details/bookofpsalmsnewt02perouoft/page/n7
- David Instone-Brewer, Traditions of the Rabbis in the Era of the New Testament (T-R-E-N-T) Vol 1 (2004): http://www.tyndalearchive.com/TRENT/Vol1/
- Into His Own: Perspective on the World of Jesus: http://virtualreligion.net/iho/
- http://www.spiritandtruth.org/index.htm There are many original commentaries available at this site as well as many other useful sources.
Bible Maps
- Digital Maps of the Ancient World: https://digitalmapsoftheancientworld.com/
- Bible Land Maps: http://www.searchingthescriptures.net/main_pages/free_bible_land_maps.htm
- Historical Maps of the Middle East: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/history_middle_east.html
- Ancient World Mapping Center: http://awmc.unc.edu/wordpress/
- Roman Empire Maps: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Maps/Periods/Roman/home.html
- Corinth Computer Project: http://corinth.sas.upenn.edu/corinth.html
Lexicons
- Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1901): http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0057 or for a downloadable version in different options-Kindle, Epub, PDF, etc. see: https://archive.org/details/greekenglishlex00lidduoft
- William Vine, Vine’s Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words: http://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/ved.html This is easy to use for anyone. No need to know Greek.
- A. T. Robertson, A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research, (1914): https://archive.org/details/grammarofgreekne00robeuoft
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 1: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%201%20Matthew-Mark%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 2: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%202%20Luke%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 3: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%203%20Acts%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 4: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%204%20Epistles%20of%20Paul%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 5: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%205%20John%20and%20Hebrews%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament Vol. 6: https://archive.org/stream/WordPicturesInTheNewTestamentVolume4EpistlesOfPaulA.T.Robertson/Word%20Pictures%20In%20The%20New%20Testament%20Volume%206%20General%20Epistles%20and%20Revelation%20-%20A.T.%20Robertson#page/n0/mode/2up
- (BDF): F. Blass, A. Debrunner, and Robert Funk, A Greek Grammar of The New Testament Greek and Other Early Christian Literature (1961): https://archive.org/details/bdf-a-greek-grammar-of-the-new-testament-and-other-early-christian-literature or for the text online http://www.ericlevy.com/revel/bdb/bdb/main.htm
- James Hope Moulton and George Milligan, The vocabulary of the Greek Testament illustrated from the papyri and other non-literary sources (1914): https://archive.org/stream/vocabularyofgree00mouluoft#page/472/mode/2up
- Robinson’s Morphological Analysis Codes: http://www.bible-discovery.com/dictionary-license-robinson.php For a quick reference for the parsing of the Greek New Testament
- George V. Wigram, Englishman’s Greek concordance of the New Testament : being an attempt at a verbal connection between the Greek and the English texts, including a concordance to the proper names, with indexes, Greek-English and English-Greek, (1877): https://archive.org/details/englishmansgreek00wigr_0 a concordance with all the words divided by their parsing
- A Concordance to the Septuagint and Other Greek Versions of the Old Testament (including the Apocryphal Books) in Three Volumes by Edwin Hatch and Henry A. Redpath (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1897-1906): http://biblerefshelf.sudalyph.org/koine-greek/a-concordance-to-the-septuagint-by-e-hatch-and-h-a-redpath.html
- http://www.lexilogos.com/english/greek_ancient_dictionary.htm This site has a list of Greek sources ranging from lexicon for biblical Greek of attic Greek, introductory grammars, and much more.
- Frederik Conybeare, Grammar of Septuagint Greek (1905): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/conybeare/lxxgrammar
- Byzantine Greek historical encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world: http://www.stoa.org/sol/
- Henry John Thackery, A Grammar of Old Testament Greek According to the Septuagint, http://ia600205.us.archive.org/3/items/AGrammarOfOldTestamentGreekAccordingToTheSeptuagint/thackeray.pdf
- Edwin Hatch, Henry A.Redpath, A Concordance to the Septuagint and other Greek versions of the Old Testament (Including the Apocryphal Books) Vol. 1, (1897): https://archive.org/details/HatchRedpath1
- Edwin Hatch, Henry A.Redpath, A Concordance to the Septuagint and other Greek versions of the Old Testament (Including the Apocryphal Books) Vol. 2, (1897): https://archive.org/details/HatchRedpath2
- Edwin Hatch, Henry A.Redpath, A Concordance to the Septuagint and other Greek versions of the Old Testament (Including the Apocryphal Books) Vol. 3, (1909): https://archive.org/details/HatchRedpath3
- G. W. H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexicon, 1961 edition: https://archive.org/details/LampePatristicLexicon This Lexicon is of the Greek Church Fathers, a classic resource viewable or downloadable in different options-Kindle, Epub, PDF, etc.
- general Greek lexica for classic Greek authors such as Herodotus, Homer, etc.: http://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu/lexica.php
- Marcus Jastrow, Dictionary of Targumim, Talmud and Midrashic Literature, (1926): http://www.tyndalearchive.com/TABS/Jastrow/ This lexicon is for extra-biblical Hebrew.
- The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project: http://cal1.cn.huc.edu/
- Friedrich Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, (1846): http://www.tyndalearchive.com/TABS/Gesenius/ An essential lexicon for Biblical Hebrew.
- (BDB) Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament: with an appendix containing biblical Aramaic (1906): https://archive.org/details/hebrewenglishlex00browuoft This is the most common lexicon for Biblical Hebrew. As with most lexicons the authors are theologically liberals. However, this is a classic resource viewable or downloadable in different options-Kindle, Epub, PDF, etc. Another site links with Strong’s numbers at https://biblehub.com/bdb/1.htm or another option is at http://www.ericlevy.com/revel/bdb/bdb/main.htm
- Benjamin Davidson, The analytical Hebrew and Chaldee lexicon, https://archive.org/stream/analyticalhebrew00daviuoft#page/n5/mode/2up
- 2 Letter Look Up: http://www.2letterlookup.com/ Hebrew Lexicon very easy to use
- W.H. Barker, Hebrew Lexicon, (1776): https://archive.org/details/hebrewlexicon00bark
- William Vine, Vine’s Complete Old Testament Expository Dictionary: http://www.bible-discovery.com/dictionary-license-vineot.php
- George V. Wigram, The Englishman’s Hebrew and Chaldee Concordance of the Old Testament, Vol. 1 (1866): https://archive.org/details/englishmanshebr03wigrgoog A concordance of the Hebrew words according to their parsing.
- George V. Wigram, The Englishman’s Hebrew and Chaldee Concordance of the Old Testament, Vol. 2 (1866): https://archive.org/details/englishmanshebr01wigrgoog
- Friedrich Wilhelm Gesenius, Gesenius Hebrew Grammar, (1851): https://archive.org/details/geseniushebrewg02roedgoog For a highly recommended as a more user friendly site for this text: https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Gesenius%27_Hebrew_Grammar
- Robert Dick Wilson, A Hebrew Grammar for Beginners, (1908): https://archive.org/details/hebrewgrammarfor00wils This is an introduction to biblical Hebrew grammar by the old Princeton scholar Robert Dick Wilson, who had master 45 ancient languages in his years of studying the Bible. our generation has forgotten many of the great scholars of the past, of who Robert dick Wilson was perhaps the greatest.
- H. Hurwitz, A Grammar of the Hebrew Language (1891): http://ia802706.us.archive.org/21/items/grammarofhebrewl00hurw/grammarofhebrewl00hurw_bw.pdf
- A. Ballin, A Hebrew Grammar with Exercises Selected from the Bible (1881): http://ia902604.us.archive.org/26/items/hebrewgrammarwit00balliala/hebrewgrammarwit00balliala.pdf
- C. Ball, A Hebrew Primer (1878): http://ia802701.us.archive.org/29/items/hebrewprimeradap00balluoft/hebrewprimeradap00balluoft_bw.pdf
- A. B. Davidson, An Introductory Hebrew Grammar (1901): https://books.google.com/books?id=UhUUAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hebrew+Grammar&as_brr=1&ei=Jsh-SNWMKpDOjgGb8I3WCA#v=onepage&q=Hebrew%20Grammar&f=false
- W. Harper, Elements of Hebrew by an Inductive Method, (1870): http://ia601409.us.archive.org/20/items/elementsofhebrew00harp/elementsofhebrew00harp_bw.pdf
- Alexander Meyrowitz, Hebrew Grammar, (1877): https://books.google.com/books?id=_S9IAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hebrew+Grammar&as_brr=1&ei=Jsh-SNWMKpDOjgGb8I3WCA#v=onepage&q=Hebrew%20Grammar&f=false
- W. Harper, Introductory Hebrew Method and Manual (1896): http://ia601409.us.archive.org/20/items/elementsofhebrew00harp/elementsofhebrew00harp_bw.pdf
- J. D. Wijnmkoop, trans. C. van den Biesen, Manual of Hebrew Grammar, (1898): https://archive.org/details/manualofhebrewgr00wijnuoft
- H. Ewald, Syntax of the Hebrew Language of the Old Testament (1891): http://ia600304.us.archive.org/6/items/syntaxofhebrewla00ewaluoft/syntaxofhebrewla00ewaluoft.pdf
- A. B. Davidson, Introductory Hebrew Grammar: Hebrew Syntax (2nd ed. 1896): http://ia802607.us.archive.org/5/items/introductoryhebr00daviuoft/introductoryhebr00daviuoft_bw.pdf
- Scholars Gateway, an engine that is producing a parsing for the Hebrew Scripture: http://scholarsgateway.com/parse/%D7%91%D6%B8%D6%BC%D7%A8%D6%B8%D7%90
- http://www.lexilogos.com/english/hebrew_ancient_dictionary.htm This site has a list of Hebrew sources ranging from lexicon, introductory grammars, and various other papers.
- Noah Webster, 1828 American Dictionary of the English Language: https://1828.mshaffer.com/ Noah Webster was a godly man and frequently cites Bible passages within his definitions for words.
- Nathan Bailey, An Universal etymological English Dictionary (1763): https://archive.org/details/universaletymolo00bail/page/16
Defense of the Received Text/King James Version
- John William Burgon, Revision Revised: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/burgon/revision_revised Dean Burgon’s classic work–A must read. Many people today simply accept any and every Bible version that hits the market. Most Christians are unaware of the manuscripts behind them or the battle waged in the past over which are authoritative. Many scholars opposed Westcott and Hort who are responsible for the critical composition of the Revised Greek text which is behind the modern version. Dean Burgon was one of the most ablest scholars who opposed such liberals attempting to revise the Scriptures.
- John William Burgon, The Causes of the Corruption of the Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/burgon/corruption
- John William Burgon, Last Twelve Verses of the Gospel According to S. Mark Vindicated Against Recent Critical Objectors and Established: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/burgon/mark
- John Gill, A Dissertation Concerning the Antiquity Of the Hebrew Language, Letters, Vowel-Points and Accents: http://faithsaves.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/AntiquityoftheHebrewLanguageLettersV.pdf or at https://archive.org/details/dissertationconc00gill/page/n2/mode/2up
- George Sayles, The Inspiration of the Hebrew Letters and Vowel-Points (1910): https://archive.org/stream/doctrinesofgrace00bish#page/42/mode/2up
- Peter Whitefield, A Dissertation on the Hebrew Vowel-Points: Shewing that they are an Original and Essential Part of the Language (1748): http://spensa.co/a-dissertation-on-the-hebrew-vowel-points-shewing-that-they-are-an-original-and-essential-part-of-the-language-in-eleven-sections-with-an-introduction-by-p-whitfield.pdf
- Thomas Ross, Evidence for the Inspiration of the Hebrew Vowel Points (2014): http://faithsaves.net/inspiration-hebrew-vowel-points/
- Edward F. Hill, The King James Version Defended: http://www.febc.edu.sg/assets/pdfs/VPP/TheKingJamesVersionDefended.pdf A classic and scholarly work on defending the KJV
- Jack Moorman, Forever Settled: A Survey of the Documents and History of the Bible: http://buzzardhut.net/index/htm/Forever.Settled.pdf
- Jack Moorman, When the KJV Departs from the “Majority” Text: http://faithsaves.net/majority-text-moorman/
- Jack Moorman, Conies, Brass, and Easter: Answers to Twenty-One “Problem” Passages in the Authorized, King James Version: http://faithsaves.net/problem-passages-king-james-version/
- Donald A. Waite, Theological Heresies of Westcott and Hort, as seen in their own writings: http://faithsaves.net/heresies-westcott-hort/ Westcott and Hort led the work of revising the New Testament Greek text which is used today for most modern Bible versions. Their theology was heretical and their false doctrines impacted their work on revising the Greek text thus indirectly effecting all Bible version that utilize their work.
- David Cloud, Dynamic Equivalency: Death Knell to Pure Scripture: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/dynamic_equivalencey.php The average person studying the Bible is unaware of the philosophies behind translation. One would assume the Bible as the word of God should be translated as literal as possible to convey God’s very words to the English reader. This is not the common opinion of modern translators. In fact, their work on modern Bible translations cannot be considered translations but rather a dynamic equivalency. This poses a big problem for those who wish to study God’s word which is what David Cloud seeks to explain in this eyeopening book.
- David Cloud, In the Footsteps of Bible Translators: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/in_the_footsteps.php
- David Cloud, Unholy Hands on God’s Holy Book: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/unholy_hands.html
- David Cloud, What About Ruckman?: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/what_about_ruckman.php
- Frederick Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, vol. 1: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/scrivener/ntcrit1 Scrivener was a member of the revision committee who counted 5,337 changes in the revised text from the Received Text. He was a defender of the Received Text and complained that the revision committee was only appointed to improve the Authorized version, not change it. Scrivener compares some 3,000 New Testament manuscript in this monumental work.
- Frederick Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, vol. 2: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/scrivener/ntcrit2.html
- Scrivener’s Greek New Testament (1894): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/bible/gntscr.html
- A list of sources available on the internet for historical sources of textual criticism with many sources defending the authenticity of the three witnesses passage in 1 John 5, is available at http://confessionalbibliology.com/2016/03/02/historical-resources-on-textual-criticism-bible-versions-etc/
- Wilbur Pickering’s Textual Criticism apparatus presents his majority text position, which is not defending the Received Text but he shows the variants in manuscripts which obviously conforms more to the Received Text and show the deficiency of the Critical Text and modern Bible version. http://www.walkinhiscommandments.com/pickering2.htm
Theology
- John Gill, Doctrinal Divinity: John Gill is one of the forgotten greats of the past. His scholarship exceeds most of the more popular authors. Gill was a baptists heavily influenced by Calvinism. https://www.ccel.org/ccel/gill/doctrinal
- John Dagg, Manuel of Theology: A treatise on Christian doctrine (1871): https://archive.org/details/manualoftheology00dagg This was the first systematic theology text written by a Southern Baptist. John Dagg had no formal theological training so this text avoids all philosophical theology and is strictly biblical in approach. Dagg was raised Presbyterian but became a Baptist after studying the topic of infant baptism. He was ordained in 1817, pastoring small congregations, eventually serving as professor and president of various Institutions and Universities before retiring in 1856 when he began his writing until his death in 1884. He held a reformed position–not as extreme as John Gill.
- Augustus Hopkins Strong, Systematic Theology, Vol. 1, The Doctrine of God (1907): https://archive.org/details/systematictheol02strogoog
- Augustus Hopkins Strong, Systematic Theology, Vol. 2, the Doctrine of Man (1907): https://archive.org/details/systematictheol03strogoog
- Augustus Hopkins Strong, Systematic Theology, Vol. 3, The Doctrine of Salvation (1907): https://archive.org/details/systematictheol04strogoog
- Edgar Young Mullins, The Christian Religion and Its Doctrinal Expression, (1917): https://archive.org/details/thechristianreli00mulluoft Former president of Southern Baptist Seminary
- James Petigru Boyce, Abstract of Systematic Theology (1882): https://archive.org/details/abstractofsystem00boyc
- Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, Vol. 1: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/hodge/theology1 Hodge has produced one of the classics theology sets which every student should have access to. Hodge was an old Princeton scholar defending the reformed traditions. These can be read online, or downloaded to your computer or mobile devices.
- Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, Vol. II- https://www.ccel.org/ccel/hodge/theology2
- Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, Vol. III- https://www.ccel.org/ccel/hodge/theology3
- Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, Index- https://www.ccel.org/ccel/hodge/theology4
- Luise Berkof, Systematic Theology: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/berkhof/systematictheology.html Berkof was the president of Calvin Seminary and professor of Systematic Theology.
- John Owen, Brief Declaration and Vindication of the Doctrine of the Trinity: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/owen/trinity
- John Owen, Christologia: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/owen/christologia
- John Owen, Of Communion with God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/owen/communion
- Jonathan Edwards, The Works of Jonathan Edwards, Vol. I: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/edwards/works1 Edwards is a Calvinistic congregationalist whose preaching sparked the Great Awakening. Considered by many as the first American born philosopher, his sermons and writings have been studied in America’s public schools just a couple generations ago for their literary superiority.
- Jonathan Edwards, The Works of Jonathan Edwards, Vol. 2: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/edwards/works2
- Jonathan Edwards, Religious Affections: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/edwards/affections I personally place this book is a list that every Christian must read! During the Great Awakening, many influential Christians opposed the revival as mere emotionalism. Edwards wrote this book to admonish those who made professions of faith to examine themselves whether they are truly saved. Anyone reading this book will at some point have to set it down to examine their faith.
- Jonathan Edwards, An Unpublished Essay on the Trinity: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/edwards/trinity
- H. P Liddon, The Divinity of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ: Eight Lectures Preached Before the University of Oxford in the Year 1866 (1908 edition): https://archive.org/details/divinityourlord00lidduoft This is perhaps the best text on Christology I have read.
- Alexander Carson (1776-1844): http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Carson%2C%20Alexander%2C%201776%2D1844 Multiple books of his are available at this site on various topics. As a Presbyterian scholar turned Baptist, he wrote on the mode of baptism, baptist history, inspiration, etc.
- John William Burgon, Inspiration and Interpretation: Seven Sermons Preached Before the University of Oxford: With Preliminary Remarks: Being an Answer to a Volume Enti: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/burgon/inspiration
- Robert Teachout, The Use of “Wine” In the Old Testament, Th. D. Thesis, Dallas Theological Seminary, May 1979. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International, 1980. 462 pgs: http://faithsaves.net/use-wine-old-testament-robert-teachout/
- Philip Schaff, Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes, Vol. I: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds1
- Philip Schaff, Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes, Vol II: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds2
- Philip Schaff, Creeds of Christendom with a History and Critical Notes, Vol. III: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds3
- The Apostles Creed: https://www.ccel.org/creeds/apostles.creed.html
- Nicene Creed: http://www.ccel.org/creeds/nicene.creed.html
- Athanasian Creed: https://www.ccel.org/creeds/athanasian.creed.html
- The Westminster Confession of Faith 1643 (a Presbyterian Confession): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/anonymous/westminster3.html
- The London Baptist Confession of Faith drafted by the Particular Baptists (a Calvinistic group of Baptists) in 1677: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/anonymous/bcf
- The Sommerset Confession (a Particular Baptist confession meaning Calvinistic) of 1656: http://particularbaptistlibrary.org/LIBRARY/Confessions/Sommerset%20Confession.pdf
- Charles Spurgeon, known as the “prince of preachers” has the largest collection of his works available at http://spurgeon.org/
Bible Dictionaries
- Thompson Chain Reference: https://studybible.info/thompson-chain/
- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (1939): http://www.internationalstandardbible.com/ contains 9,448 entries
- William Smith, Smith’s Bible Dictionary: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/smith_w/bibledict.html
- Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Topical Bible (1896): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/nave/bible.html This concordance has over 20,000 topics, each topic with multiple scripture references which give the reader a complete sense of the word or phrase, and make this volume more useful for beginners than a traditional concordance. Users are also able to search for all the verses related to a topic or all the topics related to a verse.
- R.C. Trench, Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament: http://studybible.info/trench/
- Baker’s Evangelical Dictionary of Theology (1996): http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/bakers-evangelical-dictionary/
- Biblical Archaeology Glossary of Words and Phrases: http://bibarch.com/glossary/index.html
- Christian Apologetic & Research Ministry’s Dictionary of Theology: https://carm.org/dictionary-theology-0
- Easton’s Bible Dictionary: http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/eastons-bible-dictionary/
- William Smith, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1875): http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/home.html
- People, Places, Plants and Animals in the Bible: http://bible.ort.org/books/glosd1.asp
- Philip Scahff, A Dictionary of the Bible (1880): https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/dictionarybible
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. I: Aachen – Basilians: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc01 This set of 13 volume encyclopedia was originally an English adaptation of German theologian Johann Jakob Herzog’s “Realencyklopadie fur protestantische Theologie und Kirche.” It began under the leadership of Philip Schaff, but has contributions of over 100 editors and 600 scholars. It is considered by some to be the most comprehensive, detailed, and significant encyclopedia for the Christian religion in the English language. It covers topics including church history, comparative religion, geography, doctrinal theology, archeology, and biblical studies.
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. II: Basilica – Chambers: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc02
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. III: Chamier – Draendorf: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc03
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. IV: Draeseke – Goa: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc04
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. V: Goar – Innocent: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc05
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, VI: Innocents – Liudger: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc06
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. VII: Liutprand – Moralities: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc07
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. VIII: Morality – Petersen: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc08
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. IX: Petri – Reuchlin: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc09
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. X: Reutsch – Son: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc10
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol XI: Son of Man – Tremellius: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc11
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. XII: Trench – Zwingli: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc12
- Philip Scahff, New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol XIII: Index: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc13
- Roswell D. Hitchcock, Hitchcock’s Bible Name Dictionary: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/hitchcock/bible_names
- Torrey’s New Topical Textbook: https://www.biblestudytools.com/concordances/torreys-topical-textbook/
Church History
- John Lightfoot, The Apostolic Father, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/lightfoot/fathers The apostolic Father were the men who personally knew or lived in the generation with the apostles.
- J. M. Carroll, Trail of Blood: The History of Baptist Churches From the Time of Christ, Their Founder, to the Present Day: https://archive.org/details/TheTrailOfBlood A short 74 page pamphlet worth reading for introduction to Baptist History
- Thomas Armitage, A History of the Baptists (1887): https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheBaptists
- J. M. Cramp, Baptist History from the Foundation of the Christian Church to the present Time (1871): https://archive.org/details/cihm_32578
- Henry Clay Vedder, A Short History of the Baptists (1907): https://archive.org/details/ashorthistoryba00veddgoog
- David Benedict, A General History of the Baptist Denomination in America and Other Parts of the World, Vol. 1 (1813): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof01bene
- David Benedict, A General History of the Baptist Denomination in America and Other Parts of the World, Vol. 2 (1813): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof02bene
- John T. Christian, History of the Baptists together with some account of their principles and practices (1922): https://archive.org/details/historyofbaptist00chri
- William Cathcart, Baptists and the American Revolution (1876): https://archive.org/details/baptistsamericanrev00cath
- William Cathcart, The Baptism if the Ages and of the Nations (1878): https://archive.org/details/baptismofagesofn00cath
- William Cathcart, The Baptist Encyclopedia: a dictionary of the doctrines, ordinances, usages, confessions of faith, sufferings, labors, and successes, and of the general history of the Baptist denomination in all lands ; with numerous biographical sketches of distinguished American and foreign Baptists, and a supplement, Vol. 1 (1881): https://archive.org/details/baptistencyclopa01cath
- William Cathcart, The Baptist Encyclopedia: a dictionary of the doctrines, ordinances, usages, confessions of faith, sufferings, labors, and successes, and of the general history of the Baptist denomination in all lands ; with numerous biographical sketches of distinguished American and foreign Baptists, and a supplement, Vol. 2 (1881): https://archive.org/details/baptistencyclopa02cath
- Martyrs Mirror, Thieleman J. van Braght (1660): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/vanbraght/mirror.html This classic text on martyrology from a Mennonite focuses on the persecution of Anabaptist from the apostles to his day. This text fills the gap of Anabaptist history, which most church historians purposely ignore. For example, Philip Schaff’s eight volume’s of church history offers one paragraph on the Anabaptist briefly noting they were persecuted. Today, New Evangelicals and Calvinist downplay what this text develops, that is the reformers persecution of Bible believers.
- Isaac Backus, A History of New England, with Particular Reference to the Baptists, Vol. 1 (1871): https://archive.org/details/newengl01back
- Isaac Backus, A History of New England, with Particular Reference to the Baptists, Vol. 2 (1871): https://archive.org/details/newengl02back
- Isaac Backus, An Abridgement of the Church History of New England From 1602 to 1804 (1804): https://archive.org/details/abridgmentofchur00back
- Isaac Backus, An appeal to the public for religious liberty against the oppression of the present day (1773): https://archive.org/details/anappealtopubli00backgoog
- Morgan Edwards, Materiald Toward a History of the Baptists in America (1772-1795): https://archive.org/details/materials00edwa/page/n5/mode/2up Edwards traveled extensively in America in the later 1700s to document history from the various Baptist congregations he personally visited and took extensive notes which never got rewritten for publication, but his notes reveal great truths of history.
- Alvah Hovey, The Life and Times of the Rev. Isaac Backus (1858): https://archive.org/details/amemoirlifeandt00hovegoog
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Joseph Ivimey. History of the English Baptists, Vol. I (1811): https://archive.org/details/
historyofenglish01ivim - Joseph Ivimey. History of the English Baptists, Vol. II (1811): https://archive.org/details/historyofenglish02ivim
- Joseph Ivimey. History of the English Baptists, Vol. III (1811): https://archive.org/details/historyofenglish03ivim
- Joseph Ivimey. History of the English Baptists, Vol. IV (1811): https://archive.org/details/historyofenglish04ivim
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 1, (1865): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof186501nean
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 2, (1849): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryofc02nean
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 3, (1865): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof186503nean
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 4, (1865): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof186504nean
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 5, (1853): https://archive.org/details/generalhistory05nean
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 6, (1853): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof06neaniala
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 7, (1853): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof07neaniala
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 8, (1853): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof08neaniala
- August Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church (trans. by Joseph Torrey), Vol. 9, (1853): https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryc09unkngoog
- Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume I: Apostolic Christianity. A.D. 1-100: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc1 A classic text recognized as an authoritative source for the topic. Every student of church history should own or at least have access to.
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume II: Ante-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 100-325: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc2
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc3
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume IV: Mediaeval Christianity. A.D. 590-1073: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc4
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049-1294: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc5
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume VI: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1294-1517: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc6
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume VII. Modern Christianity. The German Reformation: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc7
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Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Volume VIII: Modern Christianity. The Swiss Reformation: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc8
Apologetic
- Led by Timothy McGrew, this website provided historical sources on apologetics which have been forgotten but are extremely useful: https://historicalapologetics.org/
- Robert Dick Wilson, Studies in the Book of Daniel, a discussion of the historical question, Vol. 1, (1917): https://archive.org/details/studiesinbookofd00wils
- Robert Dick Wilson, Studies in the Book of Daniel, a discussion of the historical question, Vol. 2, (1917): https://archive.org/details/studiesinbookofd02wils
- Thomas Ross, The Book of Daniel: Proof the Bible is the Word of God: http://faithsaves.net/daniel/ This is probably the best defense of the book of Daniel I have read. Robert Dick Wilson’s is more exhaustive but Thomas Ross is up to date and includes all that is necessary without being overly done.
- George Lyttelton, Observations on the Conversion and Apostleship of St. Paul: in a letter to Gilbert West, Esq (1754): https://archive.org/details/observationsonco05lytt George Lyttelton and Gilbert West were highly intelligent men during the height of the Enlightenment era. They decided they would both refute Christianity. Lyttelton was to refute it from the topic of Paul’s conversion and West was to refute the resurrection of Christ. They separated and did their independent research on their topics and when they met up again they both informed each other that they had converted to Christianity after pursuing the studies.
- Gilbert West, Observations on the history and Evidences of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (1749): https://archive.org/details/observationsonh00westgoog Read the statement immediately above about George Lyttelton.
- Simon Greenleaf, An Examination of the Testimony of the Four Evangelists by the Rules of Evidence Administered in the Courts of Justice, with an Account of the Trial of Jesus (1847): https://archive.org/details/TheTestimonyOfTheEvangelists
- William Paley, Evidence of Christianity (1851): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/paley/evidence
- John Dagg, Evidence of Christianity (1869): https://archive.org/details/evidencesofchris00dagg
- Edgar Young Mullins, Why Is Christianity True? Christian Evidences (1905): https://archive.org/details/whyischristianit00mull
- David Cloud, Ape Men: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/ape_men.php
- David Cloud, The Bible’s Proof: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/bibles_proof.php
- David Cloud, Darwin’s Social Influence: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/darwins_social_influence.php
- David Cloud, Lying Evolutionary Art: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/lying_evolutionary_art.php
- David Cloud, Scientists Who Believe the Bible: http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/scientists_who_believe_the_bible.php
- Henry Morris, The Long War Against God (1989): https://archive.org/details/longwaragainstgodthe-henrymorris-140225170307-phpapp01
- Answers in Genesis: https://answersingenesis.org/ AIG is the worlds largest apologetic ministry specializing in creation science. It is New Evangelical as are the majority of apologetic ministries.
- Revolution Against Evolution: https://www.rae.org/
- The Institute for Creation Research http://www.icr.org/ ICR is the oldest creationist ministry founded by Dr. Henry Morris.
- Creation Ministry International http://creation.com/ CMI is another valuable creationist ministry and often has more technical discussion than the others referenced above.
- Jonathan Sarfati, Refuting Evolution (1999): https://creation.com/refuting-evolution-index
- Jonathan Sarfati, Refuting Evolution 2 (2002): https://creation.com/refuting-evolution-2-index
- This site has composed a thorough list of discoveries about dinosaurs with soft tissues. https://kgov.com/dinosaur-soft-tissue-original-biological-material#research Another shorter list of published material is posted at https://www.icr.org/soft-tissue-list/
- Bill Cooper, After the Flood (1995): http://www.ldolphin.org/cooper/contents.html
- Charles Darwin is the preeminent figure of evolutionary thinking and any serious student of apologetics is going to have to interact with his writings at some point. http://darwin-online.org.uk/contents.html has the largest collection online of Darwin’s writings with each edition of each book accessible in multiple languages.
- Jerry Bergman, Darwin Skeptics, a list of 3,000 scientists and scholars that reject evolution: https://www.rae.org/essay-links/darwinskeptics/
- “A Scientific Dissent from Darwinism” in a similar list of Darwin denying scientists compiled by Intelligent Design advocates with over 1,000 signers: https://dissentfromdarwin.org/
- The Evolution Crisis: How Five Atheists Lost Their Unbelief: http://theevolutioncrisis.org.uk/
- Robert V. Gentry, Creation’s Tiny Mystery (1992): http://www.halos.com/book/ctm-toc.htm
- Vance Farrell, The Evolution Handbook (2006): http://www.evolution-facts.org/Handbook%20TOC.htm This book is thorough, covers practically every topic on evolution, and has a lot of great information; but should only be read with a copy of the list of arguments creationists should not use https://creation.com/arguments-we-think-creationists-should-not-use
- Biblical Archaeology Review: http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/magazine/ BAR is from a theologically liberal position but has frequently had to change their views with new evidence arising. They offer some good information on archaeology but the interpretations they bring are often foolish.
- Mark Isaak, Flood Stories from Around the World (2002): http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/flood-myths.html
- Nozomi Osanai, A Comparative Study of the Flood Accounts in the Gilgamesh Epic and Genesis, MA Thesis, Wesley Biblical Seminary, USA (2004): http://creation.mobi/comparative-study-of-gilgamesh-and-genesis-introduction
- Samuel James Andrew, Christianity and Antichristiantiy in their Final Conflict, (1899): https://archive.org/details/christianityand00andrgoog
- Ian T. Taylor, In the Minds of Men: Darwin and the New World Order (fifth edition 2003): http://www.creationism.org/books/TaylorInMindsMen/index.htm
- Dr. Walt Brown, In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood (2008): http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/IntheBeginningTOC.html
Jewish Sources
- Rabbinic Literature: https://www.rabbinictraditions.com/ This is the best source for Rabbinic texts, including the Mishna, Tosephta, Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmud; with a useful word search capability.
- Toledoth Yeshu: I have been looking for this source for many years and could only find published works at an extortionate price ($500+ for a 2 Volume work). Obviously I’m thrilled to provide this as a free source. A translation by Joseph Gebhardt-Klein of the Huldreich text (one of the longest variants) is available as a PDF on Academia.edu or a translation by Morris Goldstein is available at essene.com. For Spanish translations (this page also has links with the various Hebrew texts for anyone who wants to produce future translations) see orajhaemeth.org.
- National Library of Israel has produced the largest digitized collection of Hebrew Manuscripts. http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nlis/en/manuscript/pages/resultsAdvancedSearch.aspx#query=lsr01,contains,%22all%22&query=sub,contains,%22Bible%20and%20biblical%20commentaries%22
- The British Library has digitized 1,300 Hebrew manuscripts available at https://www.bl.uk/hebrew-manuscripts
- Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem: This cite has a rich list of resources under “Second Temple and Talmudic Era” as well as Biblical texts, Biblical studies, Medieval era, Modern era, Holocaust studies, etc.: http://jewishhistory.huji.ac.il/links/texts.htm
- Early Jewish Writings: http://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/
- Jewish Texts Online: http://huc.edu/research/libraries/guides/digital
- Rabbinic Literature: http://huc.edu/research/libraries/guides/rabbinic-literature
- 4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism, and Christian and Islamic Origins, a rich collaboration of resources: http://www.4enoch.org/wiki4/index.php?title=Main_Page
- for classical Hebrew books for free download see: http://hebrewbooks.org/ (website in Hebrew)
- older English translations of Jewish literature; primarily rabbinic works: http://www.sacred-texts.com/
jud/index.htm. - Old Testament Gateway is useful particularly in the “Bible etc.” section which has commentaries, apocrypha, psuedepigrapha, and non-canonical Old Testament books: http://otgateway.com/
- New Testament Gateway (Judaica page): http://www.ntgateway.com/tools-and-resources/judaica/
- Virtual Religion-Jewish Studies has topics on Judean Commonwealth, Tannaitic Period, Talmud, Jewish Diaspora, Mysticism (Kabbalah), Modern Judaism: http://virtualreligion.net/vri/judaic.html#General
- Marcus Jastrow, Dictionary of Targumim, Talmud and Midrashic Literature, (1926): http://www.tyndalearchive.com/TABS/Jastrow/ This lexicon is for extra-biblical Hebrew.
- The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project: http://cal1.cn.huc.edu/
- The Babylonian Talmud: http://halakhah.com/ readable on the website, Kindle, or PDF. This Talmud was composed between 200-450 A.D. based on earlier written and oral traditions of the Jews expounding Scriptures.
- The Babylonian Talmud: “Bavli” http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Talmud/Bavli this is the most modern translation available
- The Jerusalem Talmud: “Yerushalim” http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Talmud/Yerushalmi The Jerusalem Talmud is the smaller, later and less authoritative of the Talumd, completed around 500 A.D..
- The Mishnah: http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Mishnah The Mishnah is the oldest collection of post biblical Jewish teachings compiled by Rabbi Judah around 200 A.D. alledgedly dating back to the time of Ezra (450 B.C.).
- Tosefta: http://www.toseftaonline.org/ The Tosepfta is an extended commentary of the Mishnah.
- Midrash: http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Midrash These are running commentaries on the Hebrew Scriptures dated from as early as 200 A.D. to as late as 1600 A.D.
- Genesis Rabbah, Vol 1; https://archive.org/stream/RabbaGenesis/midrashrabbahgen027557mbp#page/n9/mode/2up
- Etheridge, J. W. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch with the Fragments of the Jerusalem Targum (1862): https://archive.org/details/cu31924074296975
- Pentateuchal Targumim: http://targum.info/targumic-texts/pentateuchal-targumim/ The Targum or Targummim (plural) are Aramaic paraphrases that expressed early Jewish interpretations of Scripture. Here are the Targum for Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. This site has The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel On the Pentateuch With The Fragments of the Jerusalem Targum From the Chaldee by J. W. Etheridge, M.A. First Published 1862
- Targumim of the Megillot: http://targum.info/targumic-texts/targumim-of-the-megillot/ Here are the Targummim for Song of Songs, 2 different translations on Ruth and Lamentations.
- Targum on Psalms (Edward Cook translation): http://targum.info/pss/ps1.htm#_ftnref2
- Targum Psalms: http://targum.info/targumic-texts/targum-psalms/ or at https://www.sefaria.org/Aramaic_Targum_to_Psalms.1?lang=bi
- Targum Isaiah: https://books.google.com/books?id=_boCAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=chaldee+paraphrase+Isaiah&hl=en#v=onepage&q=chaldee%20paraphrase%20Isaiah&f=false Here is The Chaldean Paraphrase on the Prophet Isaiah by Jonathan b. Uzziel (translated by Rev. C.W.H. Pauli) 1871
- Targum Obadiah: http://targum.info/targumic-texts/targum-obadiah/ Translation by Thomas Lenihan, 2015
- Aramaic Targumim: (Psalm, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Ecclesiastes, Esther) http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Aramaic%20Targum These are not in English.
- Targum of Onkelos: (Paraphrases of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Onkelos
- Tafsir Rasag Targum: (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) http://www.sefaria.org/Tafsir_Rasag?lang=bi not translated into English as of yet.
- Targum Jerusalem: (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, with 1 Chronicles and 2 Chronicles) http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Targum%20Jerusalem
- Targum Jonathan: (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 1 and 2 Samuel, 1 and 2 Kings, Isaiah Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Joel Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi) http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Targum%20Jonathan
- Targum Neofti: http://www.sefaria.org/Targum_Neofiti.1?lang=bi
- Jewish Commentaries: http://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh Not all available in English Translations as of yet but is in progress.
- Various Seforim and Commentaries on the Tosefta: http://www.toseftaonline.org/commentaries/
- Solomon Schechter, Some Aspects of Rabbinic Theology (1909): https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.73587
- Solomon. Zeitlin, Megillat Taanit as a Source for Jewish Chronology and History in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods, (1922): https://archive.org/details/megillattaanitas00zeituoft
- The Dead Sea Scrolls in English: http://www.gnosis.org/library/scroll.htm?PHPSESSID=67f604381f0f43c9d039344d6f6b896e The Dead Sea Scrolls discovered in 1947 are perhaps the most important archaeological find of the 1900s. Over 800 scrolls were discovered, many of which were previously unknown. The discovery of this ancient library shows the diversity of Jewish thinking in centuries revolving around Christ’s first advent. To see the high resolution spectral image of the manuscripts http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/home
- Collection of Dead Sea Scroll sources and articles: http://otgateway.com/dead-sea-scrolls/
- The Orion Center of Hebrew University of Jerusalem:http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/ This website includes a regularly updated searchable bibliography, texts, and resources on the Dead Sea Scrolls
- The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls Project of the Israel Museum (Shrine of the Book) in Jerusalem provides high resolution images: http://dss.collections.imj.org.il/
- Old Testament Apocrypha: http://wesley.nnu.edu/sermons-essays-books/noncanonical-literature/noncanonical-literature-ot-apocrypha Many people miss the historical context of the New Testament because they are unfamiliar with the intertestamental writings.
- Old Testament Pseudepigrapha: http://wesley.nnu.edu/sermons-essays-books/noncanonical-literature/noncanonical-literature-ot-pseudepigrapha The Pseudepigrapha are Jewish text supposing to be written by authors that obviously did not write the text.
- Apocrypha and Pseudepigraph of the Old Testament in English, by R. H. Charles (1913): https://www.ccel.org/ccel/charles/otpseudepig
- Pseudepigrapha: An Account of Certain Apocryphal Sacred Writings of the Jews and Early Christians, by William J. Deane (1892): http://www.ccel.org/ccel/deane/pseudepig This book surveys the Psalter of Solomon, the Book of Enoch, the Assumption of Moses, the Apocalypse of Baruch, the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, the Book of Jubilees, the Ascension of Isaiah, and the Sibylline Oracles.
- The Book of Jubilees or The Little Genesis (Trans. R. H. Charles) (1902): https://archive.org/details/cu31924060029984
- The Odes And Psalms of Solomon Published from the Syriac Version (trans. Harris Rendel) (1911): https://archive.org/details/TheOdesAndPsalmsOfSolomon
- Chester McCown, The Testament of Solomon, Edited from Manuscripts at Mount Athos, Bologna, Holkham Hall, Jerusalem, London, Paris and Vienna (1922): https://archive.org/details/cu31924028957400
- The Life of Adam and Eve: http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/anderson/
- Testament of Job ( text | introduction )
- 1 (Ethiopic Apocalypse of) Enoch ( text | introduction )
- Testament of Solomon ( text | introduction )
- Testament of Abraham ( text | introduction )
- Visions of Amram ( text | introduction )
- Aristobulus (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- 3 (Greek Apocalypse of) Baruch ( text | introduction )
- Apocryphon of Ezekiel ( text | introduction )
- History of the Rechabites ( text | introduction )
- Jubilees ( text | introduction )
- Assumption of Moses (Testament of Moses) ( text | introduction )
- Philo the Epic Poet (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- Live of Adam and Eve ( text | introduction )
- Letter of Aristeas ( text | introduction )
- Artapanus (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- Cleodemus Malchus ( text | introduction )
- Eupolemus (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- Exagoge of Ezekiel the Tragedian ( text | introduction )
- Paraleipomena Ieremiou (4 Baruch) ( text | introduction )
- 3 Maccabees ( text | introduction )
- Sibylline Oracles ( text | introduction )
- Testament of Adam ( text | introduction )
- Aristeas the Exegete (Fragment) ( text | introduction )
- 2 (Syriac Apocalypse of) Baruch ( text | introduction )
- Eldad and Modad (Fragment) ( text | introduction )
- Pseudo-Eupolemus (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- 4 Ezra ( text | introduction )
- 4 Maccabees ( text | introduction )
- Lives of the Prophets ( text | introduction )
- Theodotus (Fragments) ( text | introduction )
- History of the Rechabites ( text | introduction )
- The Book of Jasher: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/anonymous/jasher
- The “Gabriel Revelation” Tablet Translated by Israel Knohl: https://hartman.org.il/SHINews_View.asp?Article_Id=162&Cat_Id=285&Cat_Type=
- Second Temple Synagogues by Donald Binder (includes links to introductions, texts, and photos of early Jewish literature): http://www.pohick.org/sts.
- The Jewish Encyclopedia, 12 Vols. (1901-1906) accessible and searchable at http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/ or by individual Volume 1: https://archive.org/details/jewishencycloped01newy
- The Jewish Encyclopedia: Vol 2: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0002
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 3: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0003
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 4: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0004
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 5: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0005
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 6: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0006
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 7: https://archive.org/details/jewishencycloped07sing\
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 8: https://archive.org/details/cu31924091768253
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 9: https://archive.org/details/cu31924091768261
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 10: https://archive.org/details/jewishencycloped10sing
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 11: https://archive.org/details/jewishencycloped11sing
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol 12: https://archive.org/details/b29000488_0012
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, vols. 7 (1909-1938) Puts in narrative form the various rabbinic and apocryphal stories about OT heroes. Vols. 5-6 notes; vol. 7 index. Vol. 1: https://archive.org/details/legends_jews_v1_0711_librivox
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 2: https://archive.org/details/legendsjews_v2_0809_librivox
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 3: https://archive.org/details/legends_jews_volume_3_1702_librivox
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 4: https://archive.org/details/legendsjewsvol4_1705_librivox
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 5: https://archive.org/details/b29010482_0005
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 6: https://archive.org/details/legendsofjews06ginz
- Louis Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 7: https://archive.org/details/legendsofjews07ginz
Heretical Sources
- Nag Hammadi Library: http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/nhl.html These are the Gnostic Scripture discovered in 1945 at Nag Hammadi, Egypt. This literature will introduce you to the heresies the apostles battled during the first century and the early church fathers wrote about in the centuries following. Also see: http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/gnostics.html
- Mandaean Gnostic Text: http://www.egnu.org/~mandaean/
- Corpus Hermeticum: http://www.levity.com/alchemy/corpherm.html Hermeticism is the Egyptian mystery religion mingled with Greek thought. It was a major school of Gnosticism and I’m convinced the major apostasy of the end times leading to the antichrist.
- Greek Magical Papyri: https://hermetic.com/pgm/index
- Ancient Near East Amulets and Incantations: http://jewishchristianlit.com/Texts/aneAmlts.html
- Freemason sources at https://www.freemasonryresearchforumqsa.com/ebooks.php and http://www.themasonictrowel.com/masonic_books_online.htm#1 The secret of the Masonic lodge is its goal to infiltrate Christian churches. It would be wise to be aware of this threat from their own words.
- The Quran in English (8 Parallel versions): http://www.clay.smith.name/Parallel_Quran.2004.03.21.htm This site has 8 English version of the Quran. It is not set up to read easily but is useful for comparing different version made by Muslims. Islam has a death penalty for anyone who translates the Quran out of Arabic so these versions are not literal translations but rather dynamic equivalence. To purchase a literal translations see: http://www.thestraightway.org/booksdvds/ It is important that Christians understand the ideology behind Islam, especially when the media is propagating lies as if Islam was a peaceful religion.
- This site has over 50 versions of the Quran https://www.islamawakened.com/index.php/qur-an
- The Hadith is the second most important book of Islam, claimed to be reliable sayings of Muhammad as recorded by his close companions. It is available at: https://hadithcollection.com/
- Sacred Texts: http://www.sacred-texts.com/ This site has extensive resources that range from religious texts of any major religion and obscure cults imaginable. This site has no particular agenda other than promoting religious tolerance and scholarship. Be careful!
Miscellaneous
- Free eBooks by Heath Henning https://truthwatchers.com/ebooks/
- Free books by David Cloud http://www.wayoflife.org/free_ebooks/ Over 70 titles are available for free. Written from a fundamental independent Baptist perspective, these books range from multitudes of topics – New Evangelicalism, Mysticism, cults, false teachings – some of the best resources on CCM and the King James Version. Books available in PDF, Kindle or ePub formats.
- Free eBooks by Martin and Deidre Bobgans http://www.psychoheresy-aware.org/bksonline.html This couple has spent a life time refuting psychology and warning Christians about the dangers of being involved with it.
- Free Books from Classic Christian authors of the past at CCEL (Christian Classical Ethereal Library): https://www.ccel.org/. Hundreds of titles are available – some good, some bad. The best are already linked in this list. An endless resource for anyone’s research. Searchable by title or authors name, most are readable online or can be downloaded to any mobile device.
- Free books, articles, Journals, etc., from libraries around the world. https://archive.org/details/texts This is the most extensive archive of free books on the internet I am aware of.
- Google Books: https://books.google.com/ This is supposed to be the largest data base of books but it often has large gaps missing from the text so I don’t personally care for this site.
- The Gutenberg Project is a website with many free ebooks to download, not all Christian sources but has a Christian section http://www.gutenberg.org/
- HathiTrust Digital Library: https://m.hathitrust.org/
- Audio Books: https://librivox.org/search?primary_key=0&search_category=genre&search_page=1&search_form=get_results
- Wiki Sources https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Index
- Questia https://www.questia.com/library/free-books
- Read Print http://www.readprint.com/
- Many Books https://manybooks.net/
- Galaxies Software http://www.galaxie.com/ This site is not free. For $50 a year or $5 a month, this site offer access to 33 conservative, evangelical theological journals that extend over 100 years back.