{"id":1742,"date":"2020-09-09T08:57:39","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T08:57:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/?p=1742"},"modified":"2021-07-19T09:19:34","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T09:19:34","slug":"was-jesus-really-black","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/was-jesus-really-black\/","title":{"rendered":"Was Jesus Really Black?"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>In a recent post I discussed the historical evidence of the skin complexion of the ancient Jews to determine the color of skin Jesus Christ would have had.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">See Heath Henning, \u201cWhat Skin Color was Jesus Christ,\u201d August 3, 2020; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> It has become necessary to revisit this question due to the response I have received, particularly from those who advocate that Christ was black. In personal correspondences I have received a large number of sources to examine claiming Jesus was black. My original post was straight forward, I simply identified ancient historical text that mentioned specifically the skin color of people from Mesopotamia as well as Jews. After scrutinize many of these sources promoting the thought that Jesus was black, I noted a number of faulty concepts behind the biased driven conclusion.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>First, only two primary sources have been provided that bear direct relevance to the skin color of Jesus. Revelation 1:14-15 was referenced to me in an email as well as on the majority of websites presenting this idea. The passage states, \u201cHis head and <em>his<\/em> hairs <em>were<\/em> white like wool, as white as snow; and his eyes <em>were<\/em> as a flame of fire; and his feet like unto fine brass, as if they burned in a furnace; and his voice as the sound of many waters.\u201d This is the primary biblical support for the black Jesus idea, but it ignores the first portion of this passage about His head being white. The statement that His feet were as brass, or as it is commonly presented as \u201cbronze\u201d is supposedly the clearest evidence that Jesus was black. Oddly, the full clause including the brass color \u201cas if they burned in a furnace\u201d is always excluded from this quote. This is not depicting Christ as bronze or brownish, but glowing brightly consistent with the fiery imagery of His eyes as well as in verse 16 which concludes this descriptive imagery with \u201chis countenance <em>was<\/em> as the sun shineth in his strength.\u201d This description is further alluding to Old Testament eschatological passages of the Lord judging in the end days depicting \u201cburning coals went forth at his feet\u201d (Habakkuk 3:5).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Concerning this passage commentators state, \u201cHis feet seem to be clad in brass boots, still glistening white hot from the furnace.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Gary G. Cohen, Salem Kirban, Revelation Visulized, Moody Press (Chicago, IL: 1972), p.62<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> <em>The Pulpit Commentary<\/em> describes \u201chis feet like burnished brass\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">A Plummer, \u201cRevelation,\u201d The Pulpit Commentary (Edited by H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell), WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1962, p. 16<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> and \u201chis countenance luminous[.]\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">C. Clemance, Revelation,\u201d The Pulpit Commentary (Edited by H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell), WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1962, p. 52<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Matthew Henry\u2019s classic commentary portrays Christ as \u201ctoo bright and dazzling for mortal eyes to behold.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Matthew Henry, Matthew Henry\u2019s Commentary on the Whole Bible, Fleming H. Revell Company (Old Tappan, NJ) Vol 6, p. 1122<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Why is the actual text ignored in order to argue for a black Jesus? Other bloggers add to Revelation 1:14-15, Daniel 10:5-6, and Ezekiel 1:7.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\u201cThe Armageddon Scenario: Revelation of The Black Messiah,\u201d Feburary 7, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Of course, these passages are also presenting the luminescent imagery and offer no further evidence for a black or bronze coloring.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The other text provided specifically dealing with Christ\u2019s complexion was from the Old Slavonic version of Josephus. One of the websites propagating a black Jesus commented on this text, \u201cIn 1931 the Biblical Scholar was able to translate the texts of the ancient roman historian Josephus. The text describes the appearance of Jesus as witnessed by the ancient roman historian Josephus.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">7)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Addison Sarter <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Before we look at this text, note that the website calls Josephus an \u201cancient roman historian\u201d twice. So the author of this website, Addison Sarter, doesn\u2019t even realize that Josephus was a Jewish historian, not a Roman. This causes us to question immediately whether this author is personally familiar with Josephus? The email I received called this text of Josephus \u201cthe unaltered\u2026 version[.]\u201d Textual scholars such as F. F. Bruce who was Rylands professor of textual criticism and exegesis the University of Manchester, refer to \u201cthe Slavonic (Old Russian) version of Josephus (11<sup>th<\/sup>-12<sup>th<\/sup> cent.)\u2026 is too full of historical errors\u2026 to receive serious consideration.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">8)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">F. F. Bruce, New Testament History, Anchor Books (Garden City, NY: 1972), p. 153, fn. 4<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Elsewhere he states specifically of the passage referring to Jesus in the Slavonic version, that it has \u201cno substantial claim to authenticity.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">9)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> F. F. Bruce, New Testament History, Anchor Books (Garden City, NY: 1972), p. 166<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Robert E. Van Voorst discussed the Slavonic Testimonium of Josephus<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">10)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 85-88<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> could only identify two scholars willing to argue for its authenticity,<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">11)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 87<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> concluding: \u201cScholars have almost unanimously rejected the authenticity of the Slavonic Testimonium, and most believe with Paul Winter that it is even later than the present form of the main Testimonium.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">12)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 88<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> I have presented evidence in a previous article why the received Greek text of Josephus\u2019 reference to Jesus Christ is the original and authentic text.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">13)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Heath Henning, \u201cJosephus\u2019 Testimony of Christ: Evidence of Authenticity,\u201d August 10, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/josephus-testimony-of-christ-is-it-reliable\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/josephus-testimony-of-christ-is-it-reliable\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This Slavonic version is known to be the worst corrupted text of Josephus.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The quote offered by the black Jesus advocates is as follows. \u201cAt that time also there appeared a certain man of magic power \u2026 if it be meet to call him a man, [whose name is Jesus], whom [certain] Greeks call a son of [a] God, but his disciples [call] the true prophet who is supposed to have raised dead persons and to have cured all diseases. Both his nature and his form were human, for he was a man of simple appearance, mature age, black-skinned (<em>melagchrous<\/em>), short growth, three cubits tall, hunchbacked, prognathous (lit. \u2018with a long face [<em>macroprosopos<\/em>]), a long nose, eyebrows meeting above the nose, that the spectators could take fright, with scanty [curly] hair, but having a line in the middle of the head after the fashion of the Nazaraeans, with an undeveloped beard. (<em>Hal\u014dsis,\u00a0<\/em>ii.174).\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_14');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_14');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_14\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">14)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_14\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Addison Sarter <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_14').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_14', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> There are a number of issues with this quote as cited. First, the source referenced as <em>Hal\u014dsis,\u00a0<\/em>ii.174, is inaccurate. <em>Hal\u014dsis<\/em> is a Greek word meaning \u201ccapture\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_15');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_15');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_15\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">15)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_15\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (ed. Walter Bauer and trans. Wm. Arndt, F. W. Gingrich, and F. Danker), University of Chicago Press\u00a0 (Chicago, IL: 1979), p. 42<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_15').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_15', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This is supposed to be Old Slavonic language, not Greek. Secondly, the actual reference to Jesus Christ in the Slavonic Josephus is in the book of <em>Jewish Wars 2.9.2 \u00a7 169<\/em>. When I plugged this quote into a search engine it only provided websites stating Jesus is black. That is a little suspicious. Thirdly, the quote as provided above is not even about Jesus, however the name Jesus is inserted into brackets indicating it is not in the original source but provided by the person citing this text. Fourthly, this quote is not even found in the Old Slavonic text of Josephus. The real reference to Jesus in the Old Slavonic version is as follows.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">At that time also a man came forward,\u2014if even it is fitting to call him a man [simply]. His nature as well as his form were a man&#8217;s; but his showing forth was more than [that] of a man. His works, that is to say, were godly, and he wrought wonder-deeds amazing and full of power. Therefore it is not possible for me to call him a man [simply]. But again, looking at the existence he shared with all, I would also not call him an angel. And all that he wrought through some kind of invisible power, he wrought by word and command. Some said of him, that our first Lawgiver has risen from the dead and shows forth many cures and arts. But others supposed [less definitely] that he is sent by God. Now he opposed himself in much to the Law and did not observe the Sabbath according to ancestral custom. Yet, on the other hand, he did nothing reprehensible nor any crime; but by word solely he effected everything. And many from the folk followed him and received his teachings. And many souls became wavering, supposing that thereby the Jewish tribes would set themselves free from the Roman hands. Now it was his custom often to stop on the Mount of Olives facing the city. And there also he avouched his cures to the people. And there gathered themselves to him of servants (<em>Knechten<\/em>) a hundred and fifty, but of the folk a multitude. But when they saw his power, that he accomplished everything that he would by word, they urged him that he should enter the city and cut down the Roman soldiers and Pilate and rule over us. But that one scorned it. And thereafter, when knowledge of it came to the Jewish leaders, they gathered together with the High-priest and spake: &#8220;We are powerless and weak to withstand the Romans. But as withal the bow is bent, we will go and tell Pilate what we have heard, and we will be without distress, lest if he hear it from others, we be robbed of our substance and ourselves be put to the sword and our children ruined.&#8221; And they went and told it to Pilate. And he sent and had many of the people cut down. And he had that wonder-doer brought up. And when he had instituted a trial concerning him, he perceived that he is a doer of good, but not an evildoer, nor a revolutionary, nor one who aimed at power, and set him free. He had, you should know, healed his dying wife. And he went to his accustomed place and wrought his accustomed works. And as again more folk gathered themselves together round him, then did he win glory through his works more than all. The teachers of the Law were [therefore] envenomed with envy and gave thirty talents to Pilate, in order that he should put him to death. And he, after he had taken [the money], gave them consent that they should themselves carry out their purpose. And they took him and crucified him according to the ancestral law.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_16');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_16');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_16\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">16)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_16\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">as quoted by F. F. Bruce, Jesus and Christian Origins Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1974), p. 43-53; also in Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 85-86; also available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/chr\/gno\/gjb\/gjb-3.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/chr\/gno\/gjb\/gjb-3.htm<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>I have not yet discovered where this fake quote of a black Jesus is originally from, but it is definitely not the Slavonic Josephus. Obviously, this cast a great doubt on the integrity of these \u201cblack Jesus\u201d historians since they cannot even provide valid sources, and need to insert the name of Jesus in brackets of a phony quote.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>In emails I received the suggestion was made that the evolutionary philosophy proved mankind at its earliest stage was black, hence the migration out of Africa to the middle east would prove Mesopotamia was populated by black Africans. This would make the belief in an evolutionary origin is being presented to back up a black Adam and Eve. I have dealt with the racist implications behind evolution elsewhere.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_17');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_17');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_17\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">17)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_17\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Heath Henning, Racist Implications of Evolution, August 4, 2016; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/racists-implications-evolution\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/racists-implications-evolution\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_17').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_17', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> I was also given a quote from Henry Field, curator of the Field Museum of Natural History from 1926 to 1934, allegedly proven the Mesopotamians were originating from Africans. But the entire mentality of the culture in that time of Henry Field as well as the educational profession was a racist expression against black Africans as the closest related to apes, and the anti-Semitic ideology was presented by claims that the Jews were closely related to the black Africans.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_18');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_18');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_18\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">18)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_18\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">for a discussion of the racist opinion of the Field Museum specifically, and Henry Field, see Jedediah Purdy, \u201cEnvironmentalism\u2019s Racist History,\u201d August 13, 2015; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/environmentalisms-racist-history\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/environmentalisms-racist-history<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_18').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_18', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This concept was behind the propaganda campaign of Nazi Germany causing the slaughter of millions of Jews who were considered predominantly ape. Is it peculiar that black people arguing for a black Jesus are using evolutionary ideologies that forged a pseudo-historical opinion to justify their view that blacks and Jews are inferior to whites?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Another point that has been presented makes reference to the Book of Enoch alleging that white people are Nephilim. Once again, we find comments made from someone who obviously has not read the text closely. The Ethiopian version of 1 Enoch has the passage as referenced in 105:1-3 but the more popular eclectic text has the passage in 106:1-3. This relates how Lamech\u2019s wife gave birth to Noah who was white and glowing with light. Lamech thought he was a Nephilim and called for Enoch who revealed that it was indeed his son who was to be named Noah and he would preserve the human race from God judgement on the Nephilim (Ethiopian version of 1 Enoch 105:1-3, 12-16;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_19');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_19');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_19\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">19)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_19\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Book of Enoch the Prophet (trans Richard Laurence) Adventures Unlimited Press (Kempton, IL: 2000, First Published 1883), pp. 174-177<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_19').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_19', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Critical text version of 1 Enoch 106:1-3, 12-18).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_20');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_20');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_20\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">20)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_20\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> trans by E. Isaac, The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1983), Vol. 1, p. 86-87<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_20').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_20', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> So if this text is supposedly interpreted as an example of a white Nephilim, the whole human race would therefore be descended from Noah, a white Nephilim. This is the type of fictitious misinterpretations coming from the black Jesus historians.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The source from a faulty version of Josephus and Revelation 1:14-15 being misinterpreted is about the extent of actual discussions of the appearance of Christ or the Jews. One blogger, Blaksimba, offers vague references from journals about Africans having \u201cJewish features\u201d being erroneously assumed to imply black skin.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_21');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_21');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_21\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">21)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_21\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Blaksimba, Mini Study: Jewish Features,\u201d May 30, 2020; <a href=\"http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_21').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_21', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Most websites avoid direct historical sources but argue mainly indirectly with the line of reasoning that Egypt was in Africa and being descended from Ham must have been black. Arguing for the Egyptians to have been black is suggestive that the Jews were black because they were able to mix into Egyptian culture when seeking refuge (1 Kings 11:40; Matthew 2:13) or were frequently mistaken for Egyptians (Genesis 42:7-8; 50:8-11; Acts 21:37-38).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_22');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_22');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_22\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">22)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_22\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Blaksimba, Mini Study: Jewish Features,\u201d May 30, 2020; <a href=\"http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/<\/span><\/a> ; also Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_22').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_22', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> But Egypt has been a sort of melting pot from its earliest days. The Suppiluliumias annals record a letter from the widowed Queen of Egypt who requested a son from the Hittite king to be her husband since she had no son from her deceased husband and was ashamed to take one of her servants to make him king.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_23');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_23');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_23\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">23)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_23\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Third Edition (ed. James B. Pritchard) Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1969), p. 319<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_23').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_23', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Herodotus relates how Psammetichus established two \u201ccamps\u201d for Ionians and Carians to teach Egyptian children the Greek language so they can become translators and King Amasis settled Greeks in the city of Memphis.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_24');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_24');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_24\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">24)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_24\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Herodotus, Histories 2.154, (Trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 206<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>One website reports:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">In 70 AD the Romans invaded Israel causing millions of Israelites to escape to Africa. \u2018In his book, <em>The Great Roman-Jewish War<\/em>: 66\u201370, the Roman historian, Flavius Josephus, stated over thousands of years ago, that the Israelites migrated into Africa. He writes:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">\u201cGeneral Vaspasian and his son Caesar Titus fought against the Jews. Millions of Jews fled into Africa, among other places, fleeing from Roman persecution and starvation during the siege.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_25');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_25');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_25\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">25)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_25\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Miseducation of the Black Church, undated; accessible at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcm.church\/the-good-news\/mised\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nbcm.church\/the-good-news\/mised<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_25').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_25', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>This statement shows a general ignorance of the source discussed. Josephus was not a Roman historian, but a Jewish historian. His book is not entitled \u201c<em>The Great Roman-Jewish War<\/em><em>\u201d <\/em>but simply<em> The Jewish War<\/em> which consists of 7 books. The events of the \u201cRoman-Jewish war\u201d was not A.D. 66-70\u00a0 but A.D. 66-73, essentially ending in Josephus\u2019 writings after the defeating of Masada, not Jerusalem in A.D. 70. Again, the phrase that is within quotation marks preceded by the words &#8220;He write&#8221; is not from Josephus as he never once uses the name \u201cAfrica\u201d in his multi-volumes of writing, but the entire comment is taken from a book entitled, <em>Will a Nation be Born in One Day? From Slaves to a Nation of Spiritual Warriors<\/em>, by Alicia Fenton Greenaway.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_26');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_26');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_26\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">26)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_26\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Alicia Fenton Greenaway, Will a Nation be Born in One Day? From Slaves to a Nation of Spiritual Warriors, Writers Tablet Agency, LLC (2019) [no page number listed]; accessible at <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=A2TXDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP27&amp;lpg=PP27&amp;dq=General+Vaspasian+and+his+son+Caesar+Titus+fought+against+the+Jews.+Millions+of+Jews+fled+into+Africa,+among+other+places,+fleeing+from+Roman+persecution+and+starvation+during+the+siege&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=q0zq9Y0AWv&amp;sig=ACfU3U37mGaBIcZSeMcr5b5osA_m-hSXhg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj88N6rotvrAhWWHc0KHa6RC9wQ6AEwBnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=General%20Vaspasian%20and%20his%20son%20Caesar%20Titus%20fought%20against%20the%20Jews.%20Millions%20of%20Jews%20fled%20into%20Africa%2C%20among%20other%20places%2C%20fleeing%20from%20Roman%20persecution%20and%20starvation%20during%20the%20siege&amp;f=false\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=A2TXDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP27&amp;lpg=PP27&amp;dq=General+Vaspasian+and+his+son+Caesar+Titus+fought+against+the+Jews.+Millions+of+Jews+fled+into+Africa,+among+other+places,+fleeing+from+Roman+persecution+and+starvation+during+the+siege&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=q0zq9Y0AWv&amp;sig=ACfU3U37mGaBIcZSeMcr5b5osA_m-hSXhg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj88N6rotvrAhWWHc0KHa6RC9wQ6AEwBnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=General%20Vaspasian%20and%20his%20son%20Caesar%20Titus%20fought%20against%20the%20Jews.%20Millions%20of%20Jews%20fled%20into%20Africa%2C%20among%20other%20places%2C%20fleeing%20from%20Roman%20persecution%20and%20starvation%20during%20the%20siege&amp;f=false<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_26').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_26', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Without a particular reference for Josephus it is difficult to check the claims being made about his writings, though such ambiguities are likely intentional as it is evident that these authors are neither familiar with the sources they fraudulently reference and obviously do not want to have their sources checked.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Other black Jesus websites use similar arguments that the Jews always hid in Egypt so they must be black like the Egyptians. \u201cIsrael always defaulted to Africa during times of famine and war. If the Bible was a Eurocentric book, it would be reasonable to assume that they\u2019d run to Europe to escape persecution at least once, but they don\u2019t. Even though African locations are named over and over again, Eurocentric Christianity will not acknowledge or accept that these were black people\u2026 <strong>IN AFRICA!!!<\/strong>\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_27');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_27');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_27\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">27)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_27\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The Armageddon Scenario: Revelation of The Black Messiah,\u201d Feburary 7, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Going to Egypt during famine is logical since the harvest in Egypt was based on the annual flooding of the Nile river instead of rain, and it was the lack of rain that caused famine in the rest of the surrounding nations. Of course, fleeing during times of war is completely dependent upon where the invading army was coming from. In the third century B.C. \u201cmany Greeks and Jews migrated as a result of Alexander\u2019s conquest of Egypt.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_28');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_28');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_28\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">28)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_28\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Dennis Prager and Joseph Telushkin, Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism, Simon &amp; Schuster, Inc. (New York, NY: 1983), p. 84<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_28').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_28', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Josephus records more often the fleeing to the mountains (War of the Jews 1.36;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_29');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_29');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_29\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">29)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_29\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 670<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> 1.95;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_30');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_30');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_30\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">30)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_30\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0675<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_30').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_30', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> 2.504;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_31');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_31');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_31\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">31)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_31\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0764<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> 4.45),<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_32');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_32');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_32\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">32)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_32\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0830<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> but also expresses times of fleeing to Idumea (Wars 3.20),<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_33');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_33');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_33\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">33)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_33\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0777<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_33').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_33', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Tiberias (Wars 3.131),<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_34');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_34');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_34\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">34)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_34\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0783<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_34').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_34', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> or just a general reference to \u201cforeign provinces\u201d (Wars 2.279).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_35');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_35');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_35\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">35)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_35\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0748<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_35').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_35', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Since these authors claim the Bible is not a \u201cEurocentric book,\u201d my simple question would be how many New Testament books are written to Egypt compared to \u201cEurocentric\u201d locations? Why did Paul\u2019s missionary journeys recorded in the book of Acts encounter synagogues in every city throughout Asia minor and into Europe if the Jews always and only fled to Egypt? There was clearly a large population of Jews in the Roman empire of the first century for Paul to preach to. \u201cBy the middle of the first century, between 7 and 10 percent of the people living in the Roman Empire, as many as seven million out of seventy million, were Jews, many of them converts.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_36');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_36');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_36\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">36)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_36\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Dennis Prager and Joseph Telushkin, Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism, Simon &amp; Schuster, Inc. (New York, NY: 1983), p. 87<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_36').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_36', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The Jews did not hide in Egypt because they were black and could therefore be mix in becoming unnoticeable with the \u201cblack\u201d Egyptians. There was a large Jewish population in Egypt. There are a number of letters written in Aramaic discovered in ancient Elephantine, Egypt; discussing how to celebrate the Passover dated 419 B.C.,<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_37');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_37');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_37\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">37)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_37\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">The Passover Papyrus, Ancient Near East: A New Anthology of Texts and Pictures (Ed. James B. Pritchard), Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1975), Vol. 1, p. 278<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_37').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_37', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> as well as Jewish marriage contracts as early as 459 B. C..<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_38');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_38');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_38\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">38)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_38\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Third Edition (ed. James B. Pritchard) Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1969), p. 222<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_38').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_38', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> By the time of Christ it was claimed a million Jews lived in Egypt. Philo, a first century Jew living in Alexandria Egypt, wrote, \u201cKnowing that the city [of Alexandria, Egypt] had two classes of inhabitants, our own nation [i.e. the Jews] and the people of the country, and that the whole of Jews who inhabited Alexandria and the rest of the country from the Catabathmos on the side of Libya to the boundaries of Ethiopia were not less than a million of men[.]\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_39');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_39');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_39\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">39)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_39\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Philo, Flaccus 43; The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 728<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_39').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_39', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Philo further comments on the large Jewish population of the city Alexandria. \u201cThere are five districts in the city, named after the first five letters of the written alphabet, of these two are called the quarters of the Jews, because the chief portion of the Jew lives in them. There are also a few scattered Jews, but only a very few, living in some of the other districts.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_40');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_40');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_40\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">40)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_40\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Philo, Fallcus 55; The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 729<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_40').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_40', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Josephus confirmed this report. \u201cAccordingly, the Jews have places assigned them in Egypt, wherein they inhabit, besides what is peculiarly allotted to this nation in Alexandria, which is a large part of that city.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_41');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_41');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_41\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">41)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_41\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Josephus, Antiquity of the Jews, 14. 117; in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 463<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_41').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_41', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Ptolemy II freed the Jewish slaves<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_42');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_42');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_42\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">42)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_42\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Letter of Aristeas 14-16; The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1985), Vol. 2, p. 13<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_42').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_42', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> and financed the translation of the Scriptures into the Greek language in the third century B. C.. Onias was even permitted to build a Temple in Leontopolis by Ptolemy VI \u00a0modeled after the Temple in Jerusalem (Josephus, War of the Jews 7.423-432;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_43');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_43');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_43\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">43)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_43\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 934-935<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_43').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_43', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Antiquity of the Jews 13.62-73).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_44');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_44');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_44\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">44)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_44\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 421-422<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_44').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_44', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This Temple in Egypt existed approximately 230 years before it was destroyed by Vespasian; which the Jews in Israel considering it schismatic, called it \u201cthe house of Onias\u201d (Mishna, Menahoth 13.10).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_45');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_45');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_45\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">45)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_45\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The Mishna (Trans. Herbert Danby), Hendrickson Pub. (Peabody, MA: 1933, 2016), p. 512-513<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_45').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_45', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>There was an intermingling of Jews with the Egyptians from as early as the captivity. During the exodus out of Egypt, the tribe of Benjamin is developed with a consensus identifying only five sons (Numbers 26:38-39), while Genesis 46:21 identifies ten sons of Benjamin; indicating half of the descendants of Benjamin were amalgamated with the Egyptian culture and never came out of the land with the Jews. Furthermore, Egyptians went with the Jews during the exodus which is obvious in the expression of the \u201cmixt multitude\u201d (Numbers 11:4). Moses is said to have an Ethiopian wife (Numbers 12:1), which is literally a \u201cCushite,\u201d not to be understood as modern Ethiopia. Genesis 10:6-7 notes Cush as the son of Ham whose descendants located in Africa but also include Dedan (modern day Saudi Arabia) as well as Nimrod whose kingdom was in Mesopotamia (Genesis 10:8-10). We know Moses\u2019 wife was from modern Saudi Arabia because she was a Midianite (Exodus 2:15-21), and Habakkuk parallels Cushan with the land of Midian (Habakkuk 3:7). The book of Jubilees locates Cush\u2019s descendants east of Egypt (Mizraim) (Jubilees 9:1)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_46');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_46');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_46\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">46)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_46\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1985), Vol. 2, p. 74<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_46').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_46', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> placing it as modern day Saudi Arabia. One cannot simply assume descendants of Ham were all located in Africa making them all black.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Donte Fortson writes:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Egyptians depicted themselves as black people.<\/li>\r\n<li>There\u2019s no evidence of white Egyptians ever existing.<\/li>\r\n<li>Egypt was always recognized as a black nation until white people realized that Hebrews were described as looking like Egyptians.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">White teachers that deny the factual history of black Egypt do so to avoid admitting that Hebrews lived in Africa, married African people, and therefore looked like African people\u2026 with black skin.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_47');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_47');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_47\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">47)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_47\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_47').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_47', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Practically every point presented by this author\u2019s quotation above is historically wrong. Egyptian\u2019s did not depict themselves as black, there is evidence of white Egyptians, and it is not the white people who are revising the history of Egypt\u2019s skin color. This same author writes, \u201cWe know what Egyptians looked like without an ounce of speculation because Egyptians painted themselves as black people. Those that deny this are simply denying the truth.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_48');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_48');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_48\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">48)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_48\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_48').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_48', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> The Images Donte Fortson offers to prove the Egyptians were black are presented below.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1744\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1-265x198.jpg 265w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-2-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1749\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-2-min-300x274.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-2-min-300x274.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-2-min.jpg 368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1751\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min-696x466.jpg 696w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min-628x420.jpg 628w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-4-min.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-3-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1750\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-3-min-300x241.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-3-min-300x241.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-3-min-522x420.jpg 522w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-3-min.jpg 541w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>The darker color may seem to depict black skin until one can view Egyptian art that reveals the contrast between themselves being painted reddish-brown and the Nubians, which would be directly south of Egypt and consistently displayed with black skin. The white people with beards in the images below are the Semitic people of Israel or Syria.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-199x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-680x1024.jpg 680w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-768x1156.jpg 768w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-696x1048.jpg 696w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min-279x420.jpg 279w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-10-min.jpg 797w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-1756\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-300x181.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-1024x618.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-768x463.jpg 768w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-696x420.jpg 696w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min-1068x644.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-9-min.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-1759\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-300x202.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"444\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-300x202.png 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt.png 381w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 444px) 100vw, 444px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>To further expose the deception of Donte Fortson who said, &#8220;There\u2019s no evidence of white Egyptians ever existing[,]&#8221; the following evidence of white Egyptians proves much of these authors are depending on the readers to be ignorant of history. The fact clearly reveals white Egyptians did exist.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1758\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-min-262x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"262\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-min-262x300.jpg 262w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-min-367x420.jpg 367w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-min.jpg 550w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 262px) 100vw, 262px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-6-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-1753\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-6-min-300x181.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-6-min-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-6-min.jpg 628w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-1754\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"484\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min-696x391.jpg 696w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min-748x420.jpg 748w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-7-min.jpg 780w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>The various shade and tones used by ancient Egyptian art surely shows how they viewed themselves in comparison to the immediate neighbors around them. It seems that the black Jesus historians are selective in what evidence they want their readers to see.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-8-min.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-1755\" src=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-8-min-300x209.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"572\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-8-min-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-8-min-100x70.jpg 100w, https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/black-egypt-8-min.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>When referencing ancient literature, people need to understand the looseness of the language used by ancient authors. For example, black and white in the ancient world were used as relative terms according to Philo who said, \u201cin point of the fact everything which is not white is black[.]\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_49');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_49');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_49\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">49)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_49\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Philo,On Abraham 10; in The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 412<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_49').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_49', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This relative expression can be seen as one of Solomon\u2019s wives described herself as black because the sun has tanned her while working in the vineyard (Song of Solomon 1:6). Craig Keener, who writes with an encyclopedic knowledge of the ancient world revolving around the New Testament times, has said, \u201cAncient Mediterranean literature uses Africa south of Egypt as the standard of blackness for skin.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_50');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_50');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_50\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">50)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_50\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1563<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_50').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_50', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> So while Philo can say anything not white is black, the standard for black was represented not as Egyptians, but Nubians. Keener further offers a view that is more sympathetic to the black culture, being married to a woman from Congo, Africa; he has an unbiased perspective to offer. \u201cIn all periods, Egyptians appear darker than typical western Asiatics (Semites), such as Syrians[.]\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_51');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_51');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_51\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">51)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_51\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1562<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_51').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_51', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Hence the Jews would be portrayed lighter than Egyptians of all historical periods. Keener also discussed the ideals of beauty in Egypt as it was altered over historical periods. \u201cYet many ancients understood that ideals of beauty varied from one culture to the next. This it was thought that Nubians preferred women as dark as possible and Persians preferred them as light as possible. Scholars often suggest that in ancient Egypt women lightened their skin whereas men darkened theirs. (From my very limited acquaintance with Egyptian artwork, I would guess that this practice was particularly characteristic of Old Kingdom Egypt; where lighter women appear with darker men later, this must be balance with darker women alongside lighter men. The realism of Amarna period artwork may have been short lived, but it suggests that the average complexions for both genders in daily life were reddish brown.)\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_52');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_52');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_52\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">52)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_52\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1561<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_52').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_52', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Egypt as a melting pot of skin colors offers no sound argument for those reasoning that Jews hid in Egypt to blend among the black population. The Jews originated from Mesopotamia, which would provide a closer connection with the \u201cPersians\u201d preference of lighter skin in the quote above. The Jews were held as slaves in Egypt for some centuries before God called them out so their culture could be separated from Egypt. In my former post I traced the Jewish complexion through Ancient Mesopotamian literature as the obvious historical antecedent for the Jews,<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_53');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_53');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_53\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">53)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_53\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> See Heath Henning, \u201cWhat Skin Color was Jesus Christ,\u201d August 3, 2020; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_53').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_53', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> even quoting the Dead Sea Scrolls which indicated the Egyptians saw Abraham\u2019s wife Sarah as beautiful because she was \u201cwhite,\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_54');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_54');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_54\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">54)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_54\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The Genesis Apocryphon, 20.4; The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls In English (Trans. Geza Vermes), Penguin Classics (London, England: 1962, 2004, p. 486<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_54').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_54', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> demonstrating the Egyptians liked the lighter skin for women as did the Persians.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>There are various proposed origins of the Jewish nation amongst the anti-Semitic ancient historians. The Romans historian Tacitus offers a few theories he was aware of, including they were fugitives from Crete, they were an overflowing population in Egypt, they were from Ethiopia, or Assyria (Tacitus, History 5.2).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_55');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_55');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_55\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">55)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_55\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Complete Works of Tacitus (ed. Moses Hadas), Random House (New York, NY: 1942), p. 658<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_55').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_55', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> The Egyptians despised much of the Jewish culture, and one of their own historians named Manetho claimed they were lepers expelled from Egypt.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_56');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_56');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_56\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">56)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_56\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Josephus, Against Apion, 1.267-277; The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 953-954<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_56').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_56', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> This was the theory which Tacitus settles on (History 5.3).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_57');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_57');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_57\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">57)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_57\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> Complete Works of Tacitus (ed. Moses Hadas), Random House (New York, NY: 1942), p. 658-659<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_57').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_57', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> However, according to Manetho the Jews were not derived from Egypt, nor did they mingled together.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_58');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_58');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_58\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">58)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_58\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Josephus, Against Apion, 1.278; The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 954<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_58').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_58', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> For the black Jesus historians to claim the Jews had originated from Egypt reveals the counterintuitive argument on their behalf as they adopt the anti-Semitic historical revisionist position to promote their view.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Some black Jesus historians have cited Herodotus <em>Histories <\/em>2.104 to argue the Egyptians were black. However, there are a few errors in this reference as well. First, if the historical revisionists wanted to take a passage from Herodotus out of context, 2.57 would have been a better selection. By not using this passage simply shows they are not familiar with the sources they are misinterpreting. In 2.57 Herodotus mentions the Dodonaeans who called foreign women \u201cdoves\u201d and also \u201cblack\u201d which \u201cindicated that the woman was an Egyptian.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_59');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_59');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_59\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">59)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_59\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 152<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_59').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_59', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> The term \u201cblack\u201d for Egypt is not due to their skin color, but \u201cEgypt was called \u2018Chemi,\u2019 \u2018black,\u2019 from the colour of the rich soil, not from that of the people.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_60');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_60');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_60\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">60)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_60\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">footnote 2 in Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 174<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_60').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_60', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> In 2.104 he says the Colchians are believed to have descended from the Egyptians, and describes the Colchians as \u201cblack-skinned and have woolly hair; which certainly amounts to but little, since several other nations are so too[.]\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_61');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_61');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_61\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">61)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_61\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 174<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_61').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_61', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Had Herodotus wanted to claim the Jews were black, he could have in the very same paragraph as he mentions them only to connect them with the practice of circumcision. As for what he actually means by black skin, it should again be noted the relativity of the word black since he also mentions a number of Hindu tribes from India being black, \u201cthe same tint of skin, which approaches that of the Ethiopians.\u201d<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_62');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1742_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_62');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_62\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">62)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_62\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Herodotus, Histories 3.101; (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 274<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_62').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1742_1_62', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [2, 2], });<\/script> Thus, their skin is not as black as the Ethiopians, but merely approaching the tint of blackness. Yet the shade of India is still darker than those from Egypt based on mummies and art work.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>To sum up the issues with the Jesus is black opinion: it is predominantly based on inaccurate historical sources (either misinterpreted or purposely altered). The sources cited are rarely, if ever, properly cited with checkable references (this factor seems to confirm a willingness to deceive since it comes in conjunction with altered citations). Furthermore, the evidence presented is extremely selective, slanted toward their biased presupposition. The secondary historical sources are from an era when racism was rampant among historians who sought to prove inferiority of blacks and Jews (which using such historians as support for their position is counterproductive). The primary evidence is structured around indirect arguments about Egypt being black. This is presented as proof by either revising history to assert the Jews were originated from Egyptians, or had to flee into Egypt because they could mix in with the black population. The first assertion of black Egyptians is debunked by the Bible itself which recognizes the origin of the Hebrews from Mesopotamia. If biblical history is rejected then there is essentially no reason to claim Jesus was black as His uniqueness is derived from the Bible. The later argument for black Egyptians shows an ignorance of the historical social setting of Egypt which was a melting pot long before the first century. As my first post on this topic presented clear references to the skin complexion of Jews and their Mesopotamian ancestors, the evidence offered there remains definitive as the true historical answer of this question.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1742_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1742_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_1742_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_1742_1\" style=\"display: none;\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">See Heath Henning, \u201cWhat Skin Color was Jesus Christ,\u201d August 3, 2020; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Gary G. Cohen, Salem Kirban, Revelation Visulized, Moody Press (Chicago, IL: 1972), p.62<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">A Plummer, \u201cRevelation,\u201d The Pulpit Commentary (Edited by H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell), WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1962, p. 16<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">C. Clemance, Revelation,\u201d The Pulpit Commentary (Edited by H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell), WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1962, p. 52<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Matthew Henry, Matthew Henry\u2019s Commentary on the Whole Bible, Fleming H. Revell Company (Old Tappan, NJ) Vol 6, p. 1122<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\u201cThe Armageddon Scenario: Revelation of The Black Messiah,\u201d Feburary 7, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi\" ><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_7');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7,<\/a> <a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_14\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_14');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>14<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Addison Sarter <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/medium.com\/@addisonsarter93\/historians-on-the-ancient-israelites-d396bb63ec38<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_8');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">F. F. Bruce, New Testament History, Anchor Books (Garden City, NY: 1972), p. 153, fn. 4<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> F. F. Bruce, New Testament History, Anchor Books (Garden City, NY: 1972), p. 166<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 85-88<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 87<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 88<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Heath Henning, \u201cJosephus\u2019 Testimony of Christ: Evidence of Authenticity,\u201d August 10, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/josephus-testimony-of-christ-is-it-reliable\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/josephus-testimony-of-christ-is-it-reliable\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_15');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_15\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>15<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (ed. Walter Bauer and trans. Wm. Arndt, F. W. Gingrich, and F. Danker), University of Chicago Press\u00a0 (Chicago, IL: 1979), p. 42<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_16');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_16\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>16<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">as quoted by F. F. Bruce, Jesus and Christian Origins Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 1974), p. 43-53; also in Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (Grand Rapids, MI: 2000), p. 85-86; also available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/chr\/gno\/gjb\/gjb-3.htm\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/chr\/gno\/gjb\/gjb-3.htm<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_17');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_17\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>17<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Heath Henning, Racist Implications of Evolution, August 4, 2016; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/racists-implications-evolution\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/racists-implications-evolution\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_18');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_18\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>18<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">for a discussion of the racist opinion of the Field Museum specifically, and Henry Field, see Jedediah Purdy, \u201cEnvironmentalism\u2019s Racist History,\u201d August 13, 2015; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/environmentalisms-racist-history\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/news\/news-desk\/environmentalisms-racist-history<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_19');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_19\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>19<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Book of Enoch the Prophet (trans Richard Laurence) Adventures Unlimited Press (Kempton, IL: 2000, First Published 1883), pp. 174-177<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_20');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_20\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>20<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> trans by E. Isaac, The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1983), Vol. 1, p. 86-87<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_21');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_21\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>21<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Blaksimba, Mini Study: Jewish Features,\u201d May 30, 2020; <a href=\"http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_22');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_22\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>22<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Blaksimba, Mini Study: Jewish Features,\u201d May 30, 2020; <a href=\"http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/blaksimba.com\/jewish-features\/<\/span><\/a> ; also Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_23');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_23\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>23<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Third Edition (ed. James B. Pritchard) Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1969), p. 319<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_24');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_24\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>24<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Herodotus, Histories 2.154, (Trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 206<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_25');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_25\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>25<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Miseducation of the Black Church, undated; accessible at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcm.church\/the-good-news\/mised\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nbcm.church\/the-good-news\/mised<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_26');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_26\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>26<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Alicia Fenton Greenaway, Will a Nation be Born in One Day? From Slaves to a Nation of Spiritual Warriors, Writers Tablet Agency, LLC (2019) [no page number listed]; accessible at <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=A2TXDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP27&amp;lpg=PP27&amp;dq=General+Vaspasian+and+his+son+Caesar+Titus+fought+against+the+Jews.+Millions+of+Jews+fled+into+Africa,+among+other+places,+fleeing+from+Roman+persecution+and+starvation+during+the+siege&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=q0zq9Y0AWv&amp;sig=ACfU3U37mGaBIcZSeMcr5b5osA_m-hSXhg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj88N6rotvrAhWWHc0KHa6RC9wQ6AEwBnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=General%20Vaspasian%20and%20his%20son%20Caesar%20Titus%20fought%20against%20the%20Jews.%20Millions%20of%20Jews%20fled%20into%20Africa%2C%20among%20other%20places%2C%20fleeing%20from%20Roman%20persecution%20and%20starvation%20during%20the%20siege&amp;f=false\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=A2TXDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP27&amp;lpg=PP27&amp;dq=General+Vaspasian+and+his+son+Caesar+Titus+fought+against+the+Jews.+Millions+of+Jews+fled+into+Africa,+among+other+places,+fleeing+from+Roman+persecution+and+starvation+during+the+siege&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=q0zq9Y0AWv&amp;sig=ACfU3U37mGaBIcZSeMcr5b5osA_m-hSXhg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj88N6rotvrAhWWHc0KHa6RC9wQ6AEwBnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=General%20Vaspasian%20and%20his%20son%20Caesar%20Titus%20fought%20against%20the%20Jews.%20Millions%20of%20Jews%20fled%20into%20Africa%2C%20among%20other%20places%2C%20fleeing%20from%20Roman%20persecution%20and%20starvation%20during%20the%20siege&amp;f=false<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_27');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_27\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>27<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The Armageddon Scenario: Revelation of The Black Messiah,\u201d Feburary 7, 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/the-shemites\/the-christ-armageddon-and-the-black-messiah-part-1\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_28');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_28\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>28<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Dennis Prager and Joseph Telushkin, Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism, Simon &amp; Schuster, Inc. (New York, NY: 1983), p. 84<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_29');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_29\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>29<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 670<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_30');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_30\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>30<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0675<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_31');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_31\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>31<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0764<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_32');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_32\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>32<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0830<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_33');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_33\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>33<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0777<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_34');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_34\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>34<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0783<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_35');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_35\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>35<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. \u00a0748<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_36');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_36\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>36<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Dennis Prager and Joseph Telushkin, Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism, Simon &amp; Schuster, Inc. (New York, NY: 1983), p. 87<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_37');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_37\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>37<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">The Passover Papyrus, Ancient Near East: A New Anthology of Texts and Pictures (Ed. James B. Pritchard), Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1975), Vol. 1, p. 278<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_38');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_38\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>38<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Third Edition (ed. James B. Pritchard) Princeton University Press (Princeton, NJ: 1969), p. 222<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_39');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_39\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>39<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Philo, Flaccus 43; The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 728<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_40');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_40\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>40<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Philo, Fallcus 55; The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 729<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_41');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_41\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>41<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Josephus, Antiquity of the Jews, 14. 117; in The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 463<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_42');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_42\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>42<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Letter of Aristeas 14-16; The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1985), Vol. 2, p. 13<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_43');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_43\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>43<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 934-935<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_44');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_44\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>44<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 421-422<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_45');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_45\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>45<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The Mishna (Trans. Herbert Danby), Hendrickson Pub. (Peabody, MA: 1933, 2016), p. 512-513<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_46');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_46\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>46<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (Ed. James H. Charlesworth) Doubleday (New York, NY: 1985), Vol. 2, p. 74<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_47');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_47\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>47<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_48');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_48\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>48<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Donte Fortson, \u201cEgypt (Mizraim)\u201d August 31; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.blackhistoryinthebible.com\/africa-and-arabia\/egypt\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_49');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_49\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>49<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Philo,On Abraham 10; in The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged New Updated Version (Trans. C. D. Yonge), (Peabody, MA: 1997), p. 412<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_50');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_50\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>50<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1563<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_51');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_51\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>51<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1562<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_52');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_52\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>52<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Craig S. Keener, Acts An Exegetical Commentary: Introduction and 3:1-14:28, Baker Academic (Grand Rapids, MI: 2013), Vol. 2, p. 1561<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_53');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_53\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>53<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> See Heath Henning, \u201cWhat Skin Color was Jesus Christ,\u201d August 3, 2020; <a href=\"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_54');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_54\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>54<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The Genesis Apocryphon, 20.4; The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls In English (Trans. Geza Vermes), Penguin Classics (London, England: 1962, 2004, p. 486<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_55');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_55\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>55<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Complete Works of Tacitus (ed. Moses Hadas), Random House (New York, NY: 1942), p. 658<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_56');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_56\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>56<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Josephus, Against Apion, 1.267-277; The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 953-954<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_57');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_57\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>57<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Complete Works of Tacitus (ed. Moses Hadas), Random House (New York, NY: 1942), p. 658-659<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_58');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_58\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>58<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Josephus, Against Apion, 1.278; The New Complete Works of Josephus (Revised and Expanded) (Trans. William Whiston, Introduction and Commentary by Paul L. Maier), Kregel Publications (Grand Rapids, MI: 1999), p. 954<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_59');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_59\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>59<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 152<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_60');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_60\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>60<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">footnote 2 in Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 174<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_61');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_61\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>61<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Herodotus, Histories (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 174<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1742_1_62');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1742_1_62\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>62<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Herodotus, Histories 3.101; (trans. George Rawlinson), Alfred A. Knopf (New York, NY: 1997), p. 274<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_1742_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_1742_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_1742_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_1742_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_1742_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_1742_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1742_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_1742_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_1742_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_1742_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_1742_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_1742_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_1742_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_1742_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In a recent post I discussed the historical evidence of the skin complexion of the ancient Jews to determine the color of skin Jesus Christ would have had.1)See Heath Henning, \u201cWhat Skin Color was Jesus Christ,\u201d August 3, 2020; https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/what-skin-color-was-jesus-christ\/ It has become necessary to revisit this question due to the response I have received, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1760,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[46],"tags":[67,61,454,258,159,453,455,145,56,405,451,452],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1742"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1742"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1945,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1742\/revisions\/1945"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truthwatchers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}